企業競爭力及發展策略之研究－以台灣太陽能電池產業為例

A Study of Business Competitiveness and Developing Strategy:An Empirical Research for Solar Cell Industry in Taiwan

王瑞豐(Jei-Fong Wang)

指導教授 ： 李元墩

長榮大學/管理學院/高階管理碩士在職專班(EMBA)/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2014.00064

摘要

從日本福島因地震引發海嘯導致核電廠輻射外洩，引起全球恐慌，更加深台灣反核意識。加上石油價格上升及枯竭考量，替代能源的開發是刻不容緩的問題。再者由於傳統化石燃料能源的供需結構改變及地球暖化的溫室效應，乃加速開發替代能源的驅力。而替代能源中以太陽能如何運用高科技轉換成電能乃成為能源政策所關心的議題。
本研究最主要的研究目的為：(1)分析台灣太陽能產業的整體概況(2)瞭解台灣太陽能電池產業之廠商現況(3)以AHP法分析台灣太陽能電池產業之競爭力情形(4)以IPA法分析台灣太陽能電池產業之發展策略。本研究採用AHP法及IPA法分析，修訂李元墩的「台灣高科技廠商企業競爭力」量表，針對太陽能電池廠商，採用立意抽樣方法15家廠商，每家寄送2份問卷，回收9份有效問卷。
本研究之主要結論為：影響該產業競爭力之因素有五個構面，即1.企業營運及應變能力（44.2％）2.企業行銷管理能力（11.3％）3.企業生產及研發能力（20.2％）4.企業財務管理能力（15.6％）5.企業人力資源管理能力等（8.7％）。
上述五個影響競爭力因素中，以企業營運及應變能力及企業生產及研發能力最為重要，兩者佔競爭力之64.4％。在次構面則以「危機處理能力」（17.2％）及「企業形象與聲望」（16.7％）最為重要。另外發現「變革與創新能力」及「行銷與通路完整性」是台灣太陽能電池產業應該優先落實的執行力。

關鍵字

太陽能電池產業 ； 企業競爭力 ； 發展策略 ； 層級程序分析法 ； 重要度／執行度分析法

並列摘要

The anti-nuclear awareness in Taiwan has been deepened since the global panic induced by the releasing of radioactive materials from Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan, which was resulted from a tsunami triggered by an earthquake. Furthermore, in consideration of increasing oil price rising and the exhaustion, the development of substitutive energy is of great urgency. Besides, the change of supply-demand structure of traditional fossil fuel energy and the greenhouse effect caused by global warming accelerate the development of substitutive energy. Among the substitutive energy, converting solar energy to electric energy with high technology has become a concern of energy policy.
The major research purposes of this study contain (1) analyzing the overall profile of solar energy industry in Taiwan, (2) understanding the current situations of solar cell manufacturers in Taiwan, (3) analyzing the competitiveness of solar cell industry in Taiwan with AHP, and (4) analyzing the development strategy of solar cell industry in Taiwan with IPA. By utilizing AHP and IPA for the analysis and revising Lee’s scale of Competitiveness of High-Tech Manufacturers in Taiwan, 15 solar cell manufacturers are selected with purposive sampling. Each manufacturer is distributed 2 copies of questionnaire, and total 9 valid copies are returned.
This study concludes five factors in industrial competitiveness, including 1.Enterprise operating and adapting ability (44.2%), 2.Enterprise marketing management ability (11.3%), 3.Enterprise production and R&D ability (20.2%), 4.Enterprise financial management ability (15.6%), and 5.Enterprise human resource management ability (8.7%).
Among the five factors in competitiveness, Enterprise operating and adapting ability and Enterprise production and R&D ability present the first two highest importance, about 64.4%. In regard to the sub-dimensions, Crisis Management Ability (17.2%) and Enterprise Image and Reputation (16.7%) show the highest importance. Moreover, it is found that Change and Innovation Ability and Integration of Marketing and Distribution are the prior execution for solar cell industry in Taiwan to practice.

並列關鍵字

Solar Cell Industry ； Enterprise Competitiveness ； Development Strategy ； Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) ； Importance/Performance Analysis (IPA)

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