傳統塑膠製造產業倉儲區消防設備效能之研究與探討

The Performance Evaluation of Fire Protection System in Plastic Manufacturers Warehouse

郭榮源(Rong-Yuan Guo)

指導教授 ： 何三平

長榮大學/健康科學學院/職業安全與衛生學系(所)/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2012.00090

摘要

本研究結果顯示國內之塑膠工廠雖然符合國內之消防法規，但經性能化評估後卻是一極不安全之場所。首先從探測器裝置發現國內在裝設高度上要求較不嚴謹，但國外則要求防護面積隨高度遞減，而兩者探測器之數量要求竟達28顆之譜。本場所火警受信總機只使用到三個迴路，經場所特性評估後建議改為6個火警分區以利及早偵知火災及應變。室內消防栓數量雖然足夠，但其位置卻位於救災不便之處，建議將來應移至出入口附近以利救災。電氣室雖安裝有NFAFM200懸吊式滅火器，但電氣室卻設計成一開放空間以致FM200失去其滅火能力，且易造成外面之撒水系統之水灑入電氣室而造成感電之意外。揚聲器經評估後發現其受噪音之影響而無法達到其預期之效果，建議應改為更大音壓之喇叭式揚聲器及加裝警示訊號燈，以使噪音場所人員在配戴防音防護具時也能有效地接收到火警緊急疏散訊號。而FDS之模擬結果亦顯示國內規定之標準撒水頭並不能有效地控制倉庫火災，唯有改為使用較大水量及及早期作動的ESFR撒水頭方能有效地控制火災，建議將來這些高危害性之塑膠工廠應採用大水量之撒水頭，以發揮撒水頭滅火之功效。

關鍵字

探測器 ； 火警分區 ； 揚聲器

並列摘要

The results of this research show that although plastic factories in Taiwan correspond with the fire protection regulations, performance evaluations indicate that these places are actually of extreme danger. First are the heights of the detectors which are not conscientiously demanded in Taiwan; but in other countries, they demand that the protection area of the detectors decrease when increasing the height of their placements, and as a result, the required number of detectors exceeded the requirement in Taiwan by 28. The fire detector central control in the factory only used three circuits, but after hazard evaluation it was advised that the factory be split into 6 fire alarm sectors in order to detect fires earlier. Though the number of fire hydrant in the factory was adequate, the hydrants were located in places difficult to reach during fire rescue; therefore it is recommended that they be moved closer to the doorways in order to make it more convenient for fire rescue. Though the electrical control room has NFAFM200 suspensory fire extinguishers, it is designed into an open space which causes the FM200 to lose its fire extinguishing abilities, while also allowing water from the sprinklers to be sprayed easily into the room and cause electric shock. Evaluation on the speaker showed that the created sound could not give the expected results due to miscellaneous noises in the background, and it is recommended that the speakers be changed to horn-shaped loudspeakers with louder volume so that all of the factory personnel can be notified of the emergency signal. FDS showed that the standardized sprinklers regulated by law in Taiwan could not effectively suppress warehouse fires; the only way that the fires could be suppressed was when using more water and changing to ESFR sprinklers which have a faster actuation time. It is advised that these hazardous plastic factories use sprinklers which utilize large amounts of water in order to complete the objective of extinguishing fires.

並列關鍵字

detector ； fire detector central ； speaker ； FDS

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