- 學位論文
軍校生之吸菸行為相關性研究-以南部某軍種軍事院校學生為例
A study on smoking behavior relationship among cadets- An example of southern military school
摘要
吸菸不但會增加軍事訓練及醫療預算成本，對個人健康及國家戰力均造成相當大的危害與衝擊，值得探討與重視。本研究是以南部某軍種兩所軍事院校年齡介於18~29歲的成年軍校生為調查研究對象，調查軍校生的吸菸盛行率及與吸菸行為有關的影響因素，包括個人及家庭因素、吸菸態度、吸菸認知及冒險行為等因素，此結果將可用以減低健康危害及預防事故傷害之發生，提昇國軍戰力。本研究採橫斷式調查法，以結構式問卷收集軍校生之社會人口學資料、家庭因素、同儕因素、環境因素與個人特質（吸菸態度、吸菸認知及冒險行為）等資料。問卷共回收859份，回收率為100%)，所得資料並以SPSS 12.0版統計軟體進行一般性描述及利用邏輯式迴歸來計算相關因素對於吸菸行為所造成的風險勝算比(Odds Ratios)。 研究結果發現調查對象吸菸盛行率為17%；有吸菸者每週平均吸菸量，以每週1包( 20支)內最多，佔三成五，其次為每週2包(40支)內約三成；第一次開始吸菸的時間點上，有二成的吸煙者在國小開始，三成在國中開始，而四成三在高中開始。開始吸菸的理由以好奇而嘗試為最常見的原因，其次是無聊。而現在仍持續吸菸的主要理由為要舒緩壓力及成習慣不容易戒掉。而約有九成三的吸菸者在過去一年裡曾想過要戒菸，他們想戒菸的前兩大主要原因是為了自己的健康，及女朋友的勸導。進一步多因子分析結果顯示居住地、學業表現、家庭狀況、父親的吸菸態度、最好朋友吸菸情形、師長對吸菸的態度、吸菸態度、危險行為等因素為吸菸行為的重要預測因素。 由多因子分析的結果發現在校園中師長的態度及最要好朋友的行為都是重要因素，因此在校園中師長要多注意學生間的互動情形，若有不良群聚嗜好應適時阻止，且與學生互動的過程中也應多表明對菸害的正確態度，以影響學生的行為。由於本研究採橫斷設計，因此在因果關係的建立上證據略顯不足，建議在未來研究上持續作長期性的吸菸行為追蹤，以了解影響國軍軍事院校學生吸菸行為之機制。
並列摘要
Smoking is considered not only to increase military training and medical budget cost, but also to endanger both personal health and the nation’s military combat force with enormous impact, which is worth being investigated. Research population for this study was based on military school cadets, aged between 18 and 29, who studied at two military schools in southern Taiwan. This study investigated prevalence of smoking behaviors and the related factors associated with smoking behaviors, including personal and family factors, perception of smoking, attitude toward smoking and risk-taking behaviors. Results of this study can be applied to reduce adverse health effects and prevent injury incidents, and further more to advance the nation’s military combat force. This study used cross-sectional survey with a structured questionnaire to collection information, including demographics, family factors, influences from friends of the same generation, environmental factors and personal factors such as perception of smoking, attitude toward smoking and risk-taking behaviors. There were 859 returned questionnaires, accounted for 100 percent response rate. Statistical package, SPSS version 12.0, was utilized to perform the analysis, including descriptive analysis and multivariate analysis where logistic regression was used to model the risk of smoking behaviors depended on related factors and odds ratios were also obtained from the analysis. Among the study population, prevalence of smoking was 17%. For smokers, the majority average weekly cigarette consumption was one pack per week (35%) and two packs per week (30%). Twenty percent of the cadets began their first smoking experience at elementary school, 30% at junior high school and 43% at senior high school. The most common reasons for their first smoking experience were owing to curiosity and boring, and the most common reasons for their continuing smoking were to reduce stress and become to hard to discontinue. Ninety three percent of the smokers had considered of quit smoking during the previous year, and the primary reasons if they quit smoking in the future will due to their own health or persuasion by girlfriends. Further multivariate analysis revealed that habitation, school performance, family status, paternal attitude toward smoking, best friend’s smoking behavior, teachers’ attitude toward smoking, personal attitude toward smoking and risk-taking behavior were important predicted factors for smoking behaviors. From multivariate analysis results, we learn that on campus teachers’ attitude and best friends’ smoking behavior are import factors, and therefore school teachers should observe the interaction between students and at the right time to stop adverse cluster behaviors. School teachers should also reveal correct attitude toward the adverse effect of smoking while interacted with students to influence students’ behaviors. Since this study was conducted cross-sectionally, evidence in causal relationship was weak; therefore future studies should conduct longitudinally to trace smoking behaviors for long-term trend and detailed mechanisms.