以厭氧消化處理人工濕地的水生植物和能源回收之研究

A Study on Biogas Production of Anerobic Digestion with Wetlands Aquatic Plants

陳家浩(Jia-Hao Chen)

指導教授 ： 林信一

長榮大學/健康科學學院/職業安全與衛生學系(所)/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2012.00094

摘要

近幾年生質能的技術發展，其原料來源已發展從非糧食作物取得之木質纖維素轉化成生質燃料與生質產品，是目前國際上生物質能技術的重要趨勢。本研究利用厭氧生物消化技術針對人工濕地廢棄水生植物，探討厭氧消化產能之效果。
使用不同人工濕地廢棄水生植物，以蘆葦、香蒲、培地茅、荸薺四種探討這些水生植物之有機物減量及產能效益。第一部份進行批次厭氧消化實驗，目的對於水生植物含水量對厭氧消化影響。第二部份進行不同pH值厭氧消化實驗，目的在探討控制不同pH值對微生物生長之影響。第三部份進行不同水力停留時間連續批次實驗，不同水力停留時間下厭氧消化的影響。第四部份不同有機負荷實驗，目的對水生植物在不同有機負荷下厭氧消化影響。
乾燥後的水生植物荸薺批次式厭氧消化實驗結果得知COD去除率約為52.7% ，與未乾燥去除率約為18.6%相比可以提升及COD去除率36.1%。水生植物以四種不同pH值時以pH6.0可獲的較好的效率，以加入鹽酸時甲烷產率52.84 mlCH4/g TCOD，比未加酸前處理可提前提前約4天，未加酸前處理49.92 mlCH4/g TCOD。
四種不同水生植物蘆葦、香蒲、培地茅、荸薺進行HRT 30天實驗，單位甲烷產量分別是蘆葦64.51 mlCH4/g TCOD、香蒲79.63 mlCH4/g TCOD、培地茅133.29 ml CH4/g TCOD、荸薺147.32 mlCH4/g TCOD，結果以荸薺可獲得甲烷產率較佳的效果。荸薺進行水力停留時間HRT 20~40天實驗，甲烷產量為HRT 20天時是89.48 mlCH4/g TCOD、HRT 40天時是130.80 mlCH4/g TCOD，比較HRT30天147.32 mlCH4/g TCOD，結果以荸薺在HRT 30天時可獲得甲烷產率較佳的效果。
以水生植物-荸薺以有機負荷濃度測試範圍在15～90 g /L，單位甲烷量顯示15 g/L是103.19 mlCH4/g TCOD、22.5 g/L是121.62 mlCH4/g TCOD、 45 g/L是 148.01 mlCH4/g TCOD、 90 g/L 是67.80 mlCH4/g TCOD，顯示最佳的有機負荷是45 g/L。

關鍵字

水生植物 ； 產能 ； 厭氧消化

並列摘要

In recent years, the bioenergy technology and processes, the sources of raw materials has been the development of Lignin obtained from non-food cellulose biomass, it’s trends in renewable energy technology. In this study, anaerobic digestion technology is proposed and using aquatic plants harvested from construvted wetlands, to research that effect.
This study was use four different Aquatic Plants Harvested from construvted wetlands, is reeds, cattails, vetiver grass, water chestnut to do reductions or organic and energy benefits. The first part of the impact of anaerobic digestion for aquatic plant water content from anaerobic digestion by batch experiment. The second part of the research microbial growth from the difference pH values to control from anaerobic digestion experiments at different pH values. The third part of the HRT anaerobic digestion effect from HRT consecutive batches. The fourth part of the different organic loading experiments on the aquatic plants to anaerobic digestion affected.
The removal rate of anaerobic dry water chestnut digestion in batch experiment. Pretreatment received by the wet water chestnut of the COD removal rate increase 36.1%. The pH6.0 availability of better efficiency from aquatic plants of four different pH values by batch experiment, the methane yield were about 29.9 mlCH4/g TCOD removal, which were the best results than the other pH values.
Four different aquatic plant is reeds, cattails, vetiver grass, water chestnut for the HRT 30 days of the experiment, the reed methane yield is 64.51 mlCH4/g TCOD, cattails is 79.63 ml of CH4/g TCOD, vetiver grass is 133.29 ml of CH4/g, TCOD, water chestnuts is 147.32 mlCH4/g TCOD, which were the best results than the other aquatic plant. The HRT experiment from 20 to 40 days was use Water chestnuts, the HRT 20d, 30d, and 40d, the methane yield is 89.48, 147.32, 130.80 mlCH4/g TCOD, the results which were the best results of HRT 30d availability of methane to yield better results than the other HRT.
The organic loading range of water chestnuts tested was 15～90 g/L, the organic loading 15g, 22.5d, 45g and 90d, the methane yield is 103.2, 121.6, 148.0 and 67.8 ml CH4/g TCOD, 45 g/L had peak methane yield.

並列關鍵字

aquatic plants ； energy yield ； anaerobic digestion.

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