扁帶強度影響之研究

The Study on Effect of UV Light on Slings

張芸瑄(Yun-Hsuan Chang)

指導教授 ： 何三平

長榮大學/健康科學學院/職業安全與衛生學系(所)/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2014.00135

摘要

近年來歐美各國已逐漸利用繩索技術取代部分施工架及吊籠等裝備，以進行高空作業，而臺北市政府勞工局勞動檢查處已於國97年訂定「高空繩索作業實施要點」，促使高空繩索作業技術在台灣逐漸被使用。雖然歐美各國對於繩索技術使用之裝備有明確之規範標準，但這些標準並未考量各種環境因素對裝備之影響，如高溫、濕度或陽光中的紫外線以及實際繩索技術操作時，扁帶會發生扭轉，造成裝備應有之安全性下降，而讓使用者常處於潛在的危險環境之中。
本研究利用R、K及P三種不同型式扣環搭配G廠牌四種扁帶、P廠牌三種扁帶，其中G廠牌之四種扁帶材質為強化尼龍，P廠牌之P-1扁帶材質為尼龍、P-2扁帶材質為聚酯纖維、P-3扁帶材質為Dyneema®(超高分子量聚乙烯)。模擬繩索技術於操作時扁帶發生扭轉之情形，並以紅外線熱顯像儀觀察到扣環與扁帶之蓄熱情形是會間接造成扁帶強度下降。此外，本研究利用UVA紫外光燈具模擬戶外陽光之紫外線強度，進行分析環境中紫外線對扁帶強度之影響，以及利用清水、人工汗液進行浸泡，模擬繩索操作者在流汗時及在雨天工作時，造成直接性接觸到繩索裝備，而間接影響其強度。於本研究使用拉伸試驗機進行實驗，取得扁帶斷裂強度。
在研究結果中，當扁帶扭轉圈數越多時，傾向於大眼環斷裂；並發現當扣環傾斜角度越小時，會使扁帶受力不均進而影響扁帶強度。照射UVA紫外光之扁帶，實驗結果顯示，並不會明顯影響扁帶強度；而扁帶浸泡於清水及人工汗液後，扁帶強度亦不會受到影響，但P-1扁帶浸泡人工汗液後斷裂強度大約下降200 kgf ，P-2扁帶之斷裂強度已低於EN 566所規範之2,200 kgf。

關鍵字

繩索技術 ； 拉伸試驗 ； 紅外線熱顯像儀 ； 人工汗液 ； 紫外線

並列摘要

In recent years, western countries have gradually used rope techniques to replace scaffolds and hoists to conduct work high above ground. In 2008, Taipei City Government, Department of the Office of Labor set “Essentials for implementation of working at heights”, which allowed for rope techniques to be used in high altitude work in Taiwan. Although western countries have clear standards on the use of the equipment, the standards do not consider the effects of the ambient surroundings on the equipment, such as high temperature, humidity or UV; also, the slings would also twist during operation of the rope techniques, which result in a decrease in safety and allows the user to be in danger.
This research used R, K and P types of rings with four types of G brand slings and three types of P brand slings, with the G brand slings made of reinforced nylon, and the P brand slings made of nylon for P-1 slings, polyester fiber for P-2 slings and Dyneema® (High-Modulus Polyethylene, HMPE). Application of rope techniques show that the slings would twist during operation, and IR thermal imaging instruments show that the accumulation of heat between the rings and slings would the strength of the slings to decrease. This research also used UVA ultraviolet lights to simulate the UV strength of the sun outdoors, while observing the effect of it on the slings; they were also immersed in water and artificial sweat to simulate the sweat of the used during operation and the rain on a rainy day. It was discovered that by directly contacting with the equipment, it would indirectly affect their strength. This research used a tensile testing machine to obtain the strength which would cause the slings to rupture.
Results show that the more the sling is twisted, the closer the rupture is to the ring; and it was also discovered that the smaller the angle during usage, the larger the effect on the sling due to uneven force. Results from using UVA ultraviolet light show an insignificant impact on the strength of the slings; and the strength of the slings immersed in water and artificial sweat were not affected either. However, P-1 slings immersed in artificial sweat had an approximate 200 kgf drop in strength, and P-2 slings dropped below the standard of 2200 kgf as specified by EN566.

並列關鍵字

Rope Techniques ； Tensile Testing ； IR thermal imaging ； Artificial Sweat ； UV

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