災區居民對消防機關都市水災救災績效評估模式-以台南市為例

Rescue performance evaluation model of flood rescue in fire departments based on Residents' perception - an example of Tainan cit

彭青惠(Ching-Hui Peng)

指導教授 ： 紀雲曜

長榮大學/管理學院/土地管理與開發學系(所)/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6833/CJCU.2015.00135

摘要

全球氣候變遷下，台灣沿海都市未來將不得不面對與火災完全不同性質的水災威脅，水災救援將會是消防單位未來災害搶救最主要的課題之一。相較於火災搶救，消防人員對水災搶救工作仍顯生疏；尤其對於位於低地的都市，一旦發生嚴重的水災，可能的待救災民人數及分佈空間，均遠大於火災，水災搶救對於消防人員將會是一大考驗。雖然防救災系統有多元化的資源投入，但目前仍然欠缺一套合理可行的救災績效評估方法。因此，本研究主要以台南市具高潛勢淹水地區的居民為調查對象，透過居民問卷調查方式，蒐集居民對水災搶救績效影響因素之認知與態度，並藉由文獻案例研究及過往曾經有水災經驗地區之災民的問卷調查，利用結構方程模式分析法(structural equation model , SEM)，分析水災搶救成效的變項，探討影響因素之組成面向，通過SEM檢定標準後，建置一個基於都市災區居民認知之水災搶救績效評估模式，可運用於消防機關水災搶救績效之評估，供未來都市水災搶救工作之參考。

關鍵字

消防 ； 都市水災 ； 救災績效 ； 結構方程式

並列摘要

Cities in Taiwan along the coast have to face the flood, which is totally different from the fire, under the global climate change in the future. Flood rescue will be one of the most important issues of disaster emergency rescue for the fire administration. Comparing with the fire rescue, fire fighters are not so familiar to the flood rescue. Once the severe flood occurs in cities located in lowland, the flood rescue would be an ordeal for fire fighters due to the fact that the amount and distribution of victims of flood is extensively greater than that of fire. Although many resources have been put in the system of prevention and rescue of disaster, there is still a lack of reasonable and feasible method for evaluating the performance of flood rescue. Therefore, this study investigated the residents living in the areas with high potential of flood through the questionnaire to collect their understanding and attitude on factors of performance of flood rescue. Based on the literature review and the results of questionnaires conducted by residents with flood experience in the past, this study employed the structure equation model (SEM) to analyze the variables of performance of flood rescue and investigate its main factors. When the factors and model pass the evaluation of SEM, it can then establish a resident-cognition-based model for evaluating the performance of flood rescue in the disaster area. This model could be used in the evaluation of performance of flood rescue in fire department. Finally, this model may be a useful tool for flood rescue in the city.

並列關鍵字

Fire ； Urban Flood ； Relief Performance ； Structural Equation Model (SEM)

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