從《犯罪心理》影集探討字幕翻譯的簡化策略

A Study on Simplification Strategies in Chinese Subtitles of Criminal Minds

陳秀貞(Hsiu-Chen Chen)

指導教授 ： 陳慧雯

長榮大學/人文社會學院/翻譯研究所(在職專班)/碩士(2017年)

摘要

本研究旨在深入探討字幕翻譯的簡化策略，主要的簡化策略以張懿萱 (2011) 的「同步口譯與字幕翻譯簡化策略之研究」論文中的三個表格：「筆譯、字幕翻譯及同步口譯簡化策略」、「本研究語料分析使用之簡化策略分類表」、「本研究整理之簡化分類表」為主，合併整理成最為完整的簡化策略表格。之後從相關的文獻中找出其他可應用於簡化的翻譯策略補充於表格，以美國影集《犯罪心理》第十季的網路字幕為研究對象，找出應用簡化策略的例證並加以解釋。研究發現，在語彙簡化方面，譯文多使用慣用語來簡潔說出原文意涵；遇到文化詞時，可簡潔譯出所代表的含意；可省略不必要的字，如人稱代名詞、關係代名詞、同義反覆詞。在語法簡化方面，使用簡單的語言結構，挑明語意；將句內或句間的意群重組並合併；可將抽象或具體的描述相互轉換；多使用主動語氣、反面著筆法，以符合漢語習慣。在內容簡化方面，多使用四字格，譯出核心意義；使用成語、俚語、流行語來簡化語句；跳脫原文架構，直接譯出語意或言外之意。總括上述研究結果可知：所應用的翻譯策略越接近慣用語，越能達到字幕簡化，幫助觀眾理解。

關鍵字

字幕翻譯 ； 網路字幕 ； 簡化策略 ； 翻譯策略

並列摘要

The purpose of the research was to explore further the simplification strategies in subtitling translation. The most complete simplification strategies were compiled from the three tables in Chang I-Hsuan’s (2010) A Study of Simplification Strategies in Interpreting and Subtitling: “the simplification strategies in translation, subtitling translation and simultaneous interpretation,” “the simplification strategies used in the corpus analysis of the research” and “the simplification strategies compiled in the research.” Then, the researcher found other translation strategies that could be used for simplification from relevant literature and added them to the previously compiled table. Finally, the instances were picked out from the fansubs of “Criminal Minds” season 10 to support the simplification strategies and brief explanations were also provided.
The research findings were as follows. In terms of lexical simplification, use idioms or fixed phrases in target language to concisely express the meanings in source language; succinctly translate the connotation of cultural terms; omit unnecessary words such as pronouns, relative pronouns and words with repetitive meanings. In terms of syntactic simplification, use simple linguistic structures to express complicated meanings; restructure or combine the sense groups in or between the sentences; transfer abstract descriptions into concrete ones and vice versa; use active voices or affirmative vs. negative translation strategies to sound more naturally. In terms of content simplification, use four-character idioms to translate the core meaning of the source language; use idioms or slangs to simplify sentences; translate the meanings or connotations without following the structure of the source language.
The implication from the aforementioned research results was that the more idioms or fixed phrases were used based on various translation strategies, the more simplified and accessible the subtitles are for the audience.

並列關鍵字

subtitling translation ； fansubs ； simplification strategies ； translation strategies

參考文獻

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