組織學習、策略導向、創新 與組織績效關係之研究

A Study of the Relationships Among Organizational Learning, Strategic Orientation, Innovation and Organizational Performance

吳振維(Jen-Wei Wu)

指導教授 ： 劉春初

長榮大學/管理學院/國際企業研究所/碩士(2008年)

摘要

組織學習的概念已受到相當大的關注。資源基礎觀點與市場導向在管理及行銷的文獻上倍受矚目，而且個別作為解釋達成競爭優勢的基礎。此外，雖然已有研究證實市場導向和組織學習之間的關係，但相對較少研究探討組織學習與資源基礎觀點結合對於廠商創新能力關係的影響。
本研究目的旨在於探討是否以顧客 (市場導向) 或廠商 (資源基礎論) 為焦點會驅動企業創新的能力。探討組織學習與資源基礎論以及市場導向之間的關係。提出一個可實證的架構以驗證資源基礎論和市場導向對組織績效的關係。蒐集資料是來自多國籍企業的52位經理人。應用相關分析與多元迴歸分析作為探討變數彼此間的關係。
研究發現：組織學習在影響資源導向以及市場導向扮演著重要的角色獲得初步的證實。此外，創新對於提升組織績效有顯著的正向影響。不論企業欲追求何種策略，都將必須把學習納入到策略規劃以及戰術中，因為這都對於市場導向以及資源導向都有顯著的正向影響。管理階層應該鼓勵讓員工們持續不斷地學習、批判性地評估流程、顧客的外部需求以及競爭對手的技術。因此，就能夠主動積極地保有和強化能耐，以減少可能忽視新興的動向趨勢和策略。

關鍵字

組織學習 ； 資源基礎觀點 ； 市場導向 ； 創新 ； 組織績效

並列摘要

The notion of organizational learning has received a great deal of attention. The resource-based view (RBV) and market orientation have independently received notable attention in the management and marketing literatures, respectively, as bases of explaining the attainment of a competitive advantage. Furthermore, although empirical study has been conducted between market orientation and organizational learning, comparatively less research has been conducted to evaluate the relationship between organizational learning and the RBV to examine their combined effects on a firm’s ability to innovate.
Subsequently, the purpose of the thesis is to explore whether a focus on the customer (i.e., market orientation) or the firm (i.e., RBV) will drive the ability to innovate within the firm. The research examines the relationships among organizational learning and the RBV and market orientation. It presents an empirically testable framework that investigates the relationship that RBV and market orientation have with organizational performances. Data were collected from 52 MNC senior executives in Taiwan. Correlation analysis and multi ple regression analysis were applied to explore their relationship.
Findings show that preliminary evidence provided that organizational learning plays a significant role in influencing market and resource orientation. Besides, innovation has significantly positive influence on enhancing the organizational performance. Regardless of which strategy they intend to pursue, firms will need to incorporate learning into their strategic planning and tactics, as this has a significant direct impact on market orientation as well as resource orientation. Management should encourage and enable their employees to learn continuously and to critically evaluate their processes, external needs, and technologies of their customers and competitors. Thus, they will be able to proactively preserve and enhance their capabilities by reducing the likelihood of ignoring the potential of emerging trends and practices.

並列關鍵字

Organizational Learning ； Resource-Based View ； Market Orientation ； Innovation ； Organizational Performance

參考文獻

4. 林明昌 (民91)。市場導向與行銷策略配合對行銷績效影響之研究-以台灣重電馬達業實證為例。私立中原大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。未出版，桃園縣。

5. 林建宏 (民95)。學習導向、市場導向、組織創新與組織績效關係之研究-以台灣中小企業為例。私立崑山科技大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。未出版，台南縣。

10. 林義屏 (民90)。市場導向、組織學習、組織創新與組織績效間關係之研究－以科學園區資訊電子產業為例。國立中山大學企業管理研究所博士論文。未出版，高雄市。

13. 都中秋 (民92)。進入策略與市場導向配適對市場績效影響之研究-以國中、小教科書市場為研究對象。私立中原大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。未出版，桃園縣。

15. 陳詩宜 (民94)。市場導向與學習導向對新產品創造力與新產品績效影響之研究。私立靜宜大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。未出版，台中縣。