永磁同步馬達驅動系統之前端轉換器與變頻器切換控制改善研究

SWITCHING CONTROL IMPROVEMENTS FOR FRONT-END CONVERTER AND INVERTER OF PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR DRIVE

黃立達(Lee-Da Huang)

指導教授 ： 廖聰明

國立清華大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2006年)

https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2006.00050

摘要

本論文旨在建構一數位控制永磁同步馬達驅動系統，並從事其前端轉換器與驅動變頻器之切換控制改善研究。首先探究PMSM之結構、主導方程式及等效電路參數之估測。接著建構一以數位信號處理器為主之實驗用PMSM驅動系統，除妥善之組件設計組裝外，應用強健斜率比較電流控制，使馬達具良好之線圈電流追控及運轉驅動特性。
為使馬達驅動系統之直流鏈電壓可調控，而增進其驅動性能，本論文接著研製一以AC開關為主之升壓型切換式整流器，以及從事其低頻及高頻切換之有關控制及性能評估測試。另外，亦建構一標準升壓型SMR以參與比較研習。在降低SMRs之振動及噪音之研究方面，對於低頻SMR，本論文係採外加輔助小脈波之三階段激磁法；而對於高頻SMR則採任意變化磁滯帶及任意變化切換頻率技巧。各法均詳加介紹其原理及性能實測比較評定。
最後在高速驅動特性改良方面，首先探究瞭解一具前端轉換器PMSM驅動系統之操控關鍵事務及介紹一些有效提高電壓利用率之修正式PWM機構，瞭解其實現及輸出性能之比較特性。接著研習所提之控制策略，包含強健電流追蹤誤差消除、換向前移、弱磁控制及直流鏈增壓，並以一些實測結果比較評估這些策略於線圈電流及速度動態響應等之效能。

關鍵詞：永磁同步馬達、強健電流控制、切換式整流器、低頻切換、高頻切換、前端轉換器、隨機頻率切換、隨機變化磁滯帶切換、振動降低、換向前移、弱磁、電力品質、操控特性評估。

關鍵字

永磁同步馬達 ； 強健電流控制 ； 切換式整流器 ； 低頻切換 ； 高頻切換 ； 前端轉換器 ； 隨機頻率切換 ； 隨機變化磁滯帶切換 ； 振動降低 ； 換向前移 ； 弱磁 ； 電力品質 ； 操控特性評估

並列摘要

This thesis is mainly concerned with the establishment of a digitally controlled permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive and the switching control improvements for its front-end converter and inverter. First, the structure, governing equations and equivalent circuit parameter estimation of PMSM are explored. Then an experimental digital signal processor (DSP) based PMSM drive is constructed. In addition to the proper design and implementation of system constituted components, the robust ramp-comparison (RC) current control is applied to yield good winding current tracking and driving characteristics.
Secondly, in order to enhance the motor driving performance through adjustable DC-link voltage, this thesis designs and implements an AC-switch based switching- mode rectifier (SMR), and performs its low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) switching controls and performance evaluation. In this stage, a standard boost SMR is also formed and used for comparative study. In the vibration and acoustic noise reductions, the three-stage excitation technique using auxiliary narrow pulse is employed for LF SMR. As to the HF SMR, the randomly varying band hysteresis current-controlled PWM (CCPWM) scheme and the random frequency RC CCPWM scheme are proposed. Theoretical basis and performance assessment for each approach are introduced in detail.
Finally in the high-speed operation performance improvement study, some operating key issues for a PMSM drive are first comprehended, and some modified PWM schemes for increasing the inverter voltage utilization are introduced, wherein the comparative features in realization and output performance of all schemes are understood. Then accordingly, the control approaches are proposed, which include robust current tracking error elimination, commutation advanced shift, field-weakening and DC-link voltage boosting. And some experimental results are provided to perform the comparisons of winding current and speed dynamic responses between these approaches.
Key words: Permanent magnet synchronous motor, robust current control, switching-mode rectifier, low-frequency switching, high-frequency switching, front- end converter, random frequency switching, randomly varying band hysteresis switching, vibration reduction, commutation advanced shift, field-weakening, power quality, driving performance evaluation.

並列關鍵字

Permanent magnet synchronous motor ； robust current control ； switching mode rectifier ； low-frequency switching ； high-frequency switching ； front-end converter ； random frequency switching ； randomly varying band hysteresis switching ； vibration reduction ； commutayion advanced shift ； field-weakening ； power quality ； driving performance evaluation

參考文獻

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