Kayakay（搭橋的人）：比西里岸部落觀光與文化復振的民族誌

摘要台東比西里岸部落，在文建會社區總體營造、原民會重點部落、勞委會培力就業與經濟部地方特色產業等政策推動下，逐步朝向觀光發展。經外來元素創意加值後，部落以彩繪村意象爆紅，卻造成外界「只知幾米村，不知比西里岸」的問題。面對外部衝擊，在社造中成長的pawpaw鼓社群擴大為部落青年會，轉以復振運動介入觀光，處理文化斷層危機，公部門、輔導業者與環保團體也涉入協力或轉型。對待觀光、環境開發與文化復振，部落不同世代的態度懸殊，而青年在其中協商並嘗試捲動部落。歷史銘刻於復興的年齡組織上，社會記憶透過命名具現化於部落，性別與內外邊界觀念同時發生轉變。青年行動者更透過豐年祭及文化訓練的集體實踐，與不同端點重新建立關係，成為當代阿美年齡組織中的人。本文藉由21世紀阿美族地方對觀光衝擊的回應與動力形成過程，描繪別於遊憩資源管理／社區發展研究的地方發展之民族誌圖像。

關鍵字

部落想像；比西里岸；部落觀光；文化復振；觀光民族誌

並列摘要

Abstract This ethnography describes how an Amis community responded to the impact of tourism through the impulse of the younger generations’ initiatives. Pisirian, an Amis tribe in Taitung, under the influence of different governmental policies, became gradually a sightseeing spot in recent years, known as the village of Jimmy because of images of the famous Taiwanese illustrator. Facing these external forces, Amis younger generations intervened in the indigenous tourism with the purpose of cultural revitalization, and dealt with the problem of cultural disruption among the elders. Administrations, enterprises and environmental NGO, involved in the process, adopted progressively a new attitude towards the indigenous place. Since 2013, reinitiating the tradition of kaput naming – Amis age organization, the younger generations changed the gender, internal/external boundaries, and inscribed new social memories in themselves. And through the event of Amis harvest festival - malikuda, they constructed relationships with each other, and became members of a new Amis community in the 21st century.