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  • 學位論文

單層硫醇修飾的奈米金應用於辨識金屬離子之研究:探討奈米金之分散與聚集的實驗設計

Development of the Dispersion-Aggregation Transitions of Monolayer-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles for Metal-Ion Sensing

指導教授 : 陳俊顯 何佳安
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摘要


本論文主要針對以金奈米粒子所設計的金屬離子感測器,提出改善偵測效能的方法,並且設計新的辨識機制和觀測現象,以擴展金奈米粒子感測器的應用性,內容包括:(1)對於以顆粒聚集變分散作為辨識過程的金奈米粒子感測器,提出降低顆粒間的排斥力的方法改善其偵測極限:以15c5-C4-/TA-GNPs偵測鉀離子為例,藉由調整溶液的pH值和離子強度可降低靜電斥力,獲得最佳化的偵測效能;(2)設計以聚集變分散作為辨識過程的金奈米粒子感測器偵測金屬離子:主要的概念是以顆粒間製造氫鍵形成聚集,再以辨識作用力使氫鍵斷裂或顆粒間斥力的增加使聚集的顆粒變成分散,達到辨識的效果。利用此概念,我們設計以15c5-C4-/TA-GNPs在甲醇中所形成的聚集偵測鉛離子,藉由TA的羧酸根在甲醇中形成顆粒間氫鍵製造顆粒聚集,再利用羧酸根和鄰近的15-crown-5共同對鉛離子的辨識錯合作用,在辨識鉛離子的過程中,導致顆粒間的氫鍵斷裂,並造成靜電斥力的增加,使顆粒形成分散;(3)發展以目視觀察相變化的方法偵測金屬離子的濃度範圍:利用銅離子和cysteine反應產生如棉絮狀物的不均相,設計出以觀察不均相的出現與否判斷銅離子濃度範圍的方法,過程中利用金奈米粒子吸附於棉絮狀物凸顯相變化,使之容易觀察。我們對銅離子和cysteine反應產生棉絮狀物的現象加以推論和驗證,並探討影響偵測範圍的因素,進而控制實驗條件降低可偵測範圍。

關鍵字

金奈米粒子 金屬離子 感測器 皇冠醚 半胱胺酸

並列摘要


Development of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) for metal-ion sensing is an active research because of their high extinction coefficients and distance-dependent optical absorbance. The aims of this study are to improve the the analytical performance and to design new sensing strategies for GNP-based sensors. To improve the sensitivity of the GNP sensors with the dispersive-to-aggregated transformation, the minimization of electrostatic repulsion is suggested as well as the increase of the sensing moieties on the GNPs. For the model system, the recognition of K+ by 15c5-C4-/TA-GNPs, the adjustments of pH and ionic strength were carried out to reduce electrostatic repulsion and the optimizd sensing performance was achieved. Different from the dispersion-to-aggregation transformation, a novel sensing strategy that the aggregated GNPs recognize analytes followed by forming dispersion is also reported. The interparticle hydrogen bonds are introduced to trigger GNP aggregation. The recognition events break the hydrogen bonds and make the GNPs dispersive. The proof-of-concept study is the recognition of Pb2+ by using 15c5-C4-/TA-GNPs in the methanol solution. A visual sensing phenomenon with phase segregation is provided for the circumstances without instrumental assistance. An example demonstrated here is the detection of Cu2+ via the cysteine-copper chemistry. The fluffy flocculates resulting from the reaction of Cu2+ with cysteine are applied to recognize Cu2+ concentration range.

並列關鍵字

gold nanoparticles metal ion sensor crown ether cysteine K Pb Cu

參考文獻


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