應用知識管理於大小尺寸螢幕影像品質的評估

The application of knowledge management in developing image quality assessment on large and small size displays

林伯鴻(Po-Hung Lin)

指導教授 ： 黃雪玲 ； 郭文宏

國立清華大學/工學院/工業工程與工程管理學系/博士(2009年)

https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2009.00013

摘要

隨著科技不斷地進步，液晶顯示器已逐漸取代傳統的陰極射線管而成為市場的主流。近年來，隨著人們對大尺寸顯示器的需求增加，液晶電視已成為家用電視的主流商品。此外，不同於以往固定式的大尺寸液晶顯示器，可攜式電子產品使用小尺寸顯示器，可方便使用者隨身攜帶，例如手機螢幕和個人數位助理，也慢慢成為人類生活的一部分。然而，少有文獻去探討這些大尺寸和小尺寸螢幕的影像品質，因此這部分仍是值得去深入探討的議題。
Nonaka在1994年提出知識創造過程理論 (knowledge creation process)，其理論的主要內涵就是知識轉化的過程，而轉化的主要目標即是個人、團體或組織間之內隱知識與外顯知識交融、互動與轉化的過程，包括共同化 (Socialization)、外化(Externalization)、連結化 (Combination)及內化 (Internalization) 等四個階段。由於此理論已被廣泛應用在不同的管理領域，且其重點不僅包括知識的創造，尚包括知識的轉換，即將個人的內隱知識轉換為群體或組織的知識，與本論文預計發展之二階段知識擷取架構之目的相符合。因此，本論文即以知識創造過程理論為基礎去發展一個二階段的知識擷取架構。
一般而言，液晶電視和手機製造商都有掌握其各自的關鍵製造方法和材料而擁有市場利基，然而，若沒有考慮到客戶的需求，則依此高效率或低成本的方法所製造出的產品也是徒增時間和資本的浪費。因此，本論文所提出的二階段知識擷取架構便是依據液晶電視和手機使用者及其製造商兩種不同的觀點所建立。首先，依使用者的觀點來看，以客戶為導向的生產才能符合市場的需求，因此，第一個階段的目標即是以使用者的觀點在進行液晶電視和手機影像品質評比時，找出重要的品質因子；第二個階段的目標即是以這些因子為基礎，找出對應的製造技術和材料，提供給液晶電視和手機製造商做為生產的參考，使得液晶電視和手機製造商所製造出來的產品才能真正符合客戶需求。
本研究的貢獻包括下列四個構面。第一、從液晶電視製造商、手機製造商和使用者二個不同的觀點去發展一個二階段知識擷取架構，提供相關知識給液晶電視製造商、手機製造商和使用者。第二、從使用者的觀點招募受試者參與實驗，去建構一個液晶電視的影像品質評估架構，找出使用者在評估液晶電視好壞的重要品質因子。第三、在小尺寸螢幕方面，透過實驗在不同照度下，建構出不同手機影像品質的模型，除了可找出顯著品質因子的權重外，亦能透過此模型去預測人類主觀的知覺感受。第四、由製造商的觀點去提供一個系統化知識擷取的方法和一個知識擷取系統的架構。

關鍵字

知識管理 ； 知識創造過程 ； 影像品質評估 ； 液晶電視 ； 手機螢幕

並列摘要

With the advance of technology, the liquid crystal display (LCD) has become increasingly popular and gained more marketing attention instead of the cathode ray tube (CRT) recently. For television applications, a liquid crystal display – television (LCD-TV) has become the mainstream of the market. On the other hand, rapid growth in display technology has changed the way we receive information and acquire knowledge. Due to convenience and portability, the small size display is important for the growth of the market, such as mobile display or personal digital assistance (PDA). Thus, image quality assessment on large and small size displays is an important issue to be investigated.
Nonaka theorized that knowledge creation occurs through a spiral interaction including socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization in 1994. This study adopts knowledge creation process proposed by Nonaka for following reasons. First, this theory has been widely used in diverse fields. Second, the importance of knowledge creation process not only includes the knowledge creation, but also involves knowledge conversion. That is, an individual’s tacit knowledge is converted into a group’s knowledge to improve the performance. Thus, a two-phase knowledge extraction framework is constructed based on knowledge creation process.
In general, LCD-TV and mobile display manufacturers have their ways to make an LCD-TV and a mobile display. However, they may emphasis a production method with more efficient and lower cost techniques no matter what customers want. Consequently, they may waste time and costs to make a product which cannot meet a customer’s requirements. In fact, manufacturers should take into account ordinary users’ opinions and convert this knowledge into manufacturing requirements before production. Therefore, the two-phase knowledge extraction framework proposed in this study considers both ordinary users’ viewpoints and manufacturers’ viewpoints in order to meet the customer requirements.
The contribution of this research could be described in several aspects. First, a two-phase knowledge extraction framework was developed. Second, a structure of LCD-TV perceptual quality assessment was constructed to find out some important factors. Third, the proposed mobile display image quality assessment models under different illumination levels not only can find out the priorities of significant factors, but also can predict human subjective perceptions. Finally, a systematic method and a structure of knowledge extraction system were provided from manufacturers’ viewpoints.

Key words: knowledge management, knowledge creation process, image quality assessment, LCD-TV, mobile display

並列關鍵字

knowledge management ； knowledge creation process ； image quality assessment ； LCD-TV ； mobile display

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