臺灣國民中小學戶外教育素養指標建構之研究

A Study on the Construction of Outdoor Educational Literacy Indicators in Elementary and Secondary Schools in Taiwan

張惟亮(Wei-Liang Chang)

指導教授 ： 林志成

國立清華大學/竹師教育學院/教育與學習科技學系/博士(2020年)

摘要

本研究旨在建構臺灣國民中小學戶外教育素養指標，以期提供戶外教育課程發展之參考，增進戶外教育品質之提升。所採用的研究方法包含：文獻與文件分析、德懷術及層級分析法等。根據文獻與文件分析之結果初擬國民中小學戶外教育素養指標，其次經對十二位學者專家、教育行政人員、教師及實務工作者等進行德懷術問卷調查，建立國民中小學戶外教育素養指標系統架構；最後再以層級分析法進行相對權重問卷調查，以建立指標系統內各階層指標之權重體系。
本研究結果所建構出之國民中小學戶外教育素養指標共包含六層面及三十九項目指標。其權重以六層面為例，各層面依其重要性排列，分別為「戶外行動」（34.5%）、「自主學習」（20.3%）、「挑戰調適」（16.4%）「人際互動」（10.3%）、「展能精進」、（10.2%）「永續行知」（8.3%）。最後依據研究結果，提出具體建議，俾供教育主管機關、國民中小學教育人員以及後續研究之參考。

關鍵字

戶外教育素養 ； 指標建構 ； 德懷術 ； 層級分析法

並列摘要

The purpose of this study is to construct the outdoor educational literacy indicators in elementary and secondary schools in Taiwan, in order to provide reference for the development of outdoor education, as well as to ameliorate its quality. The methods of study adopted included literature review, analysis of previous documents, and for the empirical research, Delphi technique questionnaires and hierarchical analysis. The outdoor educational literacy indicators were first drafted out according to the results of analyses of literature and previous documents, which were further examined through Delphi technique questionnaires by 12 academic experts, education administrators, practical workers, teachers etc. Finally, The collected data from the questionnaires were analyzed through hierarchical analysis in order to construct a weighting system for the overall outdoor educational literacy indicators.
The constructed outdoor educational literacy indicators includes 6 major levels and 39 item indexes. The weights of the quality index is demonstrated with the 6 major levels as the following, which are listed according to the order of importance: “Outdoor Action” (34.5%), “Autonomous Learning” (20.3%), “Life Adaptation” (16.4%), “Interpersonal Interaction” (10.3%), “Performance Improvement” (10.2%), and “Understanding of Sustainability” (8.3%). Based the study’s result, concrete suggestions are provided, in order to offer reference for education administration authorities, education workers in elementary and secondary schools, and future studies.

並列關鍵字

Outdoor education literacy ； Indicator construction ； Delphi Technique ； Analytic Hierarchy Process

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