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  • 學位論文

有機鈷金屬錯合物自由基聚合與原子轉移自由基聚合所結合的高分子合成方法

Hybridization of Cobalt Mediated Radical Polymerization and Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization

指導教授 : 彭之皓

摘要


在活性自由基聚合技術中鈷催化自由基聚合 (Cobalt-mediated radical polymerization, CMRP) 可以應用於控制聚合醋酸乙烯酯。但是 CMRP 對一些常見的單體的控制卻不理想,例如甲基丙烯酸甲酯和苯乙烯,而且產物必須進一步純化才能移除鈷金屬錯合物,故本研究提出結合有機鈷催化自由基聚合與原子轉移自由基聚合來合成 PVAc-b-PMMA 以及 PVAc-b-PSty 嵌段共聚物,並能除去聚合物中大部分的有機鈷金屬錯合物。 利用鈷催化劑控制聚合第一段的醋酸乙烯酯形成聚醋酸乙烯酯,而含有鈷金屬的聚醋酸乙烯酯當作 ATRP 中的大分子起始劑 (Macro-initiator),在60 °C 中大分子起始劑 (Macro-initiator) 的鈷碳鍵斷鍵釋放出自由基並與反應中的單體結合進一步銜接上 ATRP,藉由 ATRP 的平衡機制去控制第二段的甲基丙烯酸甲酯或苯乙烯的聚合。與之前的研究相較下,此方法可以不需要修飾第一段大分子起始劑 (Macro-initiator) 鏈的尾端可以更方便合成含醋酸乙烯酯嵌段的共聚物,還能有效的除去第一段高分子上的有機鈷金屬,使得嵌段高分子聚合物有更廣的應用。 另外一部分的研究則是藉由合成了具有不同配位基的 salen 鈷金屬錯合物,探討不同配基對醋酸乙烯酯自由基活性聚合反應的影響。由實驗觀察具平面共振結構的 CoII(Salophen) 其分子量與理論分子量有很大的偏差,其控制聚合能力也不佳 (PDI = 1.42)。而結構較具彈性的 CoII(et-salen) 及 CoII(salcomic) 則在反應中有不錯的表現 (PDI = 1.32~1.34)。而控制聚合能力最好的是 Co(salen*) (PDI <1.20 )。

並列摘要


Cobalt mediated radical polymerization (CMRP) was used to prepare the well-defined poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) as the macro-initiator in reverse atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and styrene (Sty) for the synthesis of block copolymers of PVAc-b-PMMA and PVAc-b-PSty with the linearly increased molecular weight and smoothly shifted GPC traces. The chain extension from PVAc to PMMA or PSty via this hybridization of CMRP and ATRP required no difunctional initiator nor further chain end modification and was as simple as the regular chain extension in reverse ATRP process. Since the cobalt complex bonded to the chain end of PVAc was dissociated during the ATRP process, this method also efficiently solved the issue of metal removal in CMRP process. Another section was focused on the ligand steric effect to the control efficiency of vinyl acetate radical polymerization. Cobalt(II) Salen complexes with different ligands were used to mediate the polymerization of vinyl acetate. The VAc polymerization with the complex of CoII(salophen), which has a planar structure, showed a significant molecular weight deviation and a low control efficiency (Mw/Mn = 1.42). On the other hand, CoII(et-salen) and CoII(salcomic) mediated the VAc polymerization with linear increased molecular weight versus conversion and a relatively low polydisperity (Mw/Mn = 1.34 and 1.32). The CoII(Salen*) showed the best control to VAc polymerization (Mw/Mn < 1.20).

參考文獻


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