成衣業之成本導向生產線平衡與人員配置研究

Cost-oriented Assembly Line Balancing and Worker Assignment Problem in Apparel Industry

胡譯心(Hu, Yi Hsin)

指導教授 ： 陳建良

國立清華大學/工學院/工業工程與工程管理學系/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2015.00142

摘要

成衣業屬勞力密集性產業，在國際化環境的壓力下，競爭非常激烈。成衣業製程可分為四個主部份，分別為設計/服裝模板、裁剪、車縫與整燙/包裝，其中車縫作業為最關鍵一環，需要最多的人力及物力。在車縫作業中進行生產線平衡規劃，其目的在於妥善指派工序至各工作站，使工作站中之機台能執行所分派之工序，以減少人力需求，提升生產效率，並降低成本。
本論文主要發展成衣業之生產線平衡系統，應用群組基因演算法（Grouping Genetic Algorithm，GGA）開發啟發式演算法。在週期時間已知情況下指派工序到任一工作站，求解最小生產成本。本研究蒐集成衣業生產數據來驗證所發展之生產線平衡系統之績效。成衣車縫作業生產線平衡問題中以成本為考量的研究文獻較少，由實驗結果得知，本研究所發展之生產線平衡系統，是有效求解成本導向之生產線平衡問題的方法，對成衣業的實用價值很高。

關鍵字

生產線平衡 ； 成衣業 ； 車縫 ； 群組基因演算法

並列摘要

Apparel manufacturing is a labor-intensive traditional industry. Under the pressure of internationalization, the competition in this industry is quite drastic. The production process of garments is separated into four main phases: designing/clothing pattern generation, fabric cutting, sewing and ironing/packing. Among these, sewing is the most critical process which needs lots of human and materials resource. The purpose of assembly line balancing problem (ALBP) in sewing lines is to assign tasks to the workstations making the machines of the workstations perform the assigned tasks in order to reduce manpower, increase efficiency and lower the total cost.
This thesis develops a line balancing system for apparel manufacturing industry. Grouping genetic algorithm (GGA) is applied to develop heuristics in the proposed line balancing system. For a given cycle time, tasks are assigned to workstations to minimize the total relevant cost. This research verifies the performance of the proposed line balancing system by collecting data from real apparel manufacturing factory. There is only limited literature in the area of ALBP with cost consideration. The computational results reveal that the line balancing system developed in this thesis is effective in solving cost-oriented assembly line balancing and worker assignment problem (CALBWAP) which has high practical value in apparel industry.

並列關鍵字

assembly line balancing ； apparel industry ； sewing line ； grouping genetic algorithm

參考文獻

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Amen, M. (2001). “Heuristic methods for cost-oriented assembly line balancing: a comparison on solution quality and computing time”, International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 69, pp. 255-64.

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