Multi-scale Structural Characterization and Attachment Mechanisms of the Hillstream River Loach (Sinogastromyzon puliensis)

埔里中華爬岩鰍之多階層結構分析與吸附機制研究

莊詠傑(Chuang, Yung Chieh)

指導教授 ： 陳柏宇

國立清華大學/工學院/材料科學工程學系/碩士(2015年)

摘要

水棲動物生活在溪流中，為了適應湍急的流速，演化出各式各樣的構造。埔里中華爬岩鰍利用幾種不同的構造與機制，以貼附在石頭表面，以便在激流中存活。本研究以材料科學與工程之角度，探討其顯微結構以及吸附機制。透過光學顯微鏡以及電子顯微鏡，可得知此與吸附機制有關的多層次顯微結構，並利用推拉力計評估爬岩鰍在不同粗糙度表面的吸附能力。針對爬岩鰍的吸盤，以巨觀及微觀的角度進行更深入的研究，除了觀察活體的運動方式、面對急流表現的行為外，並研究微米級角質蛋白化細毛之性質與功能。垂直拉伸試驗結果顯示，市售之塑膠吸盤僅能吸附在相對平滑之表面，而爬岩鰍對於各種粗糙度的表面皆有良好的吸附力，最高可達自身重量的一千倍以上。爬岩鰍特殊的吸盤結構以及吸附能力，可望提供水中吸附與新型仿生吸盤設計與製造之靈感。

關鍵字

急流魚類 ； 吸附機制 ； 多階層結構 ； 爬岩鰍 ； 吸盤 ； 角質化蛋白細胞 ； 垂直吸附力 ； 水中吸附

並列摘要

Hillstream fishes live in the current with high velocity of flow and with unpredictable water impact. Therefore, they evolved various adhesive apparatus to survive in rapid flow. Adaptations to stream current can offer hillstream fishes advantages in underwater adhesion on substrates with different properties. In this study, Pulin river loach (Sinogatromyzon puliensis) was investigated to understand the relationship between micro/-nano- structure and attachment mechanisms. The hierarchical structures on ventral fin were characterized by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Pull-off force measurements were also conducted to measure the critical adhesive force that river loach can adhere to different substrates. Adhesive apparatus and mechanism for river loach are discussed and compared with the commercial sucker. Commercial sucker has better adhesive ability to smooth surface while river loach can adhere equally well to surfaces with different roughness. Moreover, the functions of microstructures were also characterized. It has been shown that river loach performed well on both PDMS substrates and sandpaper, which are composed of relatively soft and hard material respectively. The specialized apparatus and adhesion capability of such suction system could enlighten us on fabricating innovative bio-inspired devices for underwater attachment.

並列關鍵字

River loach ； attachment mechanisms ； sucker ； hierarchical structure ； setae ； unculi ； pull-off force ； underwater attachment

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