本研究關注民主化下的文化與價值衝突,聚焦在2000年一次政黨輪替之後,由余光中等人發起的「搶救國文教育聯盟」與國文教育爭議,論證威權時期的文化與思想遺緒,也就是四書教育為核心的儒家文化,在政黨政治的架構下,展現為語文教育的新舊體制之爭。研究結果指出,舊時期的文化價值支持者主要以制度化的方式,與國民黨為主的立委合作,反對民進黨推動的九五課綱,並且在二次政黨輪替之後,逐步達成舊文化復返的訴求。不過,這種制度化的競爭,實為一種不對等的政黨政治競爭,是當前台灣政治發展的主要限制,也對台灣的文化價值的爭奪帶來影響。 研究方法首先透過檔案和報刊論述的分析,回顧四個時期的國文教育發展與爭議:威權時期、解嚴後與1990年代、一次政黨輪替時期(2000年到2008年)以及二次政黨輪替時期(2008年到2015年)。其次,對照不同時期的國文教育課程規範,釐清不同時期體制內的國文教育沿革情形。2000年之後,主要聚焦在九五課綱國文科委員會與「搶救國文教育聯盟」,分析兩個群體各自的語文教育理念。本研究輔以深度訪談的方式,訪問不同時期的課綱決策者、文化菁英、高中教師以及中文系所學者專家,比對不同位置的觀點,呈現爭議的發展脈絡。 關鍵字:威權遺緒、民主化、政治競爭、政黨政治、國文教育
After Taiwan’s first regime change in 2000, Yu Kwang-Chung and some of the cultural elites organized a group named "Association to Remedy Chinese Language Education" that leads to a series of controversies over the national language curriculum. Concerned with culture and value in Taiwan’s democratization, this research analyzes cultural legacies from the authoritarian regime, focusing especially on Confucian thoughts in the Four Books, and how it turned to be a conflict between different language education systems after the regime change. The result shows that supporters for traditional values successfully turned over the 2006 guidelines of senior high school textbooks by cooperating with the KMT’s legislators, and makes their cultural legacies return via an institutional way. However, such institutional way actually brings an unequal competition, and constrains nowadays Taiwan’s political development and the contest for cultural values. Several methods have been used in this research, including discourse analysis, textural analysis and in-depth interviewing. In this research, I first review controversies over the national language curriculum and define them into four phases. Furthermore, I examine different curriculum norms and the conditions of curriculum reform in each phase. Last, I focus on the main controversy in 2000 to date, analyzing different language education values between the "Association to Remedy Chinese Language Education" and the committee of 2006 guidelines of textbooks and try to understand them in the context of the controversy. Key words: authoritarian legacy, democratization, political competition, party politics, national language curriculum