P2P即時影音串流系統之Peer負載監控與平衡機制

Monitoring and Balancing of Peer Loading for P2P Live Streaming System

游明軒(Ming-Hsuan Yu)

指導教授 ： 黃能富

國立清華大學/電機資訊學院/資訊工程學系/碩士(2015年)

摘要

隨著網路科技蓬勃發展，使用者的頻寬使用量也越來越大。對於即時影音串流系統來說，雖然有助於它的發展以提供更高解析度的影像畫質，但相對地，它們付出相當大的花費在頻寬成本上。而藉由P2P架構，使用者可以分享他們頻寬以減少系統本身的負擔。但由於須在時限內將影音串流傳送到使用者，P2P拓樸便成為系統中相當重要的一環，一個強壯及良好的拓樸能給予使用者好的服務品質，而一個脆弱拓樸會導致頻繁的拓樸變動，進而影響使用者的服務品質，降低使用者體驗。
在本篇論文中，我們研究著重於如何建立一個良好的拓樸並維護它。在三個層面限制下，提供良好的影像品質。第一個層面是盡可能節省頻寬成本，充分利用使用者的頻寬資源；第二個層面是在基於一個保證影像延遲底下，再盡可能降低使用者的影像延遲；最後一個層面是盡可能保持住良好的拓樸，避免良好的拓樸崩壞。基於這三個層面，我們實作出一套即時影音串流系統，並設計一系列的演算法強化此系統。
實驗方面，我們在PlanetLab上做一系列的實驗以驗證所提出的演算法。除此之外，我們更在真實網路環境測試我們的系統，使用者遍及全國各地。實驗結果顯示我們的演算法能強化系統，更證明我們的系統在真實環境之可行性。

關鍵字

點對點網路 ； 即時串流 ； 低延遲

並列摘要

With the development of Internet, the requirement of bandwidth usages increases. Live video streaming systems are favorable to provide higher resolution video; however, they undertake more bandwidth costs. By means of P2P architecture, users share their bandwidth to save bandwidth resource on servers. Since the data information has to be disseminated to all of users with time limit, the topology of P2P systems plays a considerable role. A well-structured topology can provide users better quality of services while a fragile topology decreases quality of services even user experience.
In this thesis, our research aims at how to construct a robust topology and how to maintain it with the following limitations. First, the system should save the bandwidth resource as more as possible and exploit the upload bandwidth from users. Second, despite the guaranteed latency, the system should minimize the delay of video. Third, the system prevents the topology from fragments. Based on these limitations, we implement a P2P based live streaming system, and several proposed algorithms are designed to improve the system.
The proposed algorithms are verified in the experiments performed on PlanetLab. Furthermore, we perform nationwide experiments in Taiwan. The experimental results show the superior performance of the algorithms and the feasibility.

並列關鍵字

P2P Networks ； Live streaming ； Low latency

參考文獻

[1] PlanetLab. [Online]. Available: https://www.planet-lab.org/

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