苗栗書寫與族群敘事：夢花報導文學獎作品研究

The writing on Miaoli and ethnic groups narrating: the research of Monhwuai Literature Prize reportage work

彭正翔(Peng, Jheng Shiang)

指導教授 ： 柳書琴

國立清華大學/人文社會學院/臺灣研究教師在職進修碩士學位班/碩士(2015年)

摘要

本文以苗栗縣政府所主辦的夢花文學獎為研究對象，針對報導文學組歷年來的得獎作品分析。首先，筆者注意到解嚴後本土意識逐漸浮現，再加上精省後各縣市政府有更大的彈性推行文化政策。各縣市文學獎始於1990年代，夢花文學獎則發軔於1998年，第一屆夢花文學獎由「雷社藝文協會」主辦，後來則由苗栗縣政府接手。「雷社藝文協會」是由苗栗縣在地的知識份子所發起的文藝性社團，對苗栗縣的文藝有所貢獻。
筆者在第一章先整理相關的先行研究，發現研究縣市文學獎多從地方書寫探討，另一方面則探究文學獎內部的權力運作機制。第二章筆者先分析夢花文學獎籌設的過程、命名，承辦單位的移轉，簡章的設計與限制，最後則分析報導文學評審組成、得獎者基本背景與寫作題材。
本文從族群書寫的角度出發，以苗栗縣境內人口最多的客家人和人口較少的原住民以及較弱勢的新住民為關懷對象，探討得獎作品中客家書寫、原住民書寫與新住民書寫。筆者除了對於文本與得獎者做分析，並適當援引夢花報導文學獎評審評語或意見。筆者希冀從評語分析中，探究文學獎機制下評審對於苗栗地方性、族群性的想像。
台灣報導文學除了具備文學性、新聞性，甚至具有批判性。筆者從歷年得獎作品發現，有的寫手結合社會抗爭的議題，無論寫風力發電對居民的困擾或是探討開發產業道路危害石虎的生存議題，都深具批判力道。評審對於報導文學作品要求具備「問題意識」或「聚焦」核心問題，不濫用文獻，深入現場做田野調查，隱約中看出評審希望寫手帶著問題意識，深入社會底層，關懷弱勢族群。此外，筆者也從得獎作品中分析，大部份寫手採用第一人稱的敘述觀點，讀者容易進入作家的情緒或思維中。對於人物細節的描寫或是採用直接引述對話，更能讓讀者、評審感受到「現場的聲音」。
在客家書寫中，以客家傳統美食、節慶、建築、技藝、宗教信仰、人物為題材，並適時融入客家俗諺，展現客家主體性。在原住民書寫中，探討文化禁忌、文化傳承與文化認同，或以原住民女性返回部落復振文化的案例，或將關懷觸角延伸到原鄉部落獨居的老人照顧。在新住民書寫方面，則呈現正面的新住民女性形象。透過夢花文學獎的複雜機制，得獎作品呈現出濃濃苗栗地方感。綜上所述，筆者分別從地方性、族群性、批判性三者來探討夢花報導文學獎，兼論評審和得獎者對於苗栗族群、地方的想像與書寫。

關鍵字

夢花文學獎 ； 報導文學 ； 族群性 ； 地方性 ； 批判性

並列摘要

The research of this thesis focuses on the Monhuai Literature Prize held by Miaoli County Government, and makes analysis of annual prized masterpiece in Reportage part. First of all, the writer takes attention of emerging localist nativism after the Lift of Martial Law, otherwises, there were much more effort on flexible culture policy by every local government after Organization Change of Government. Most of local literature prize originates from era of 1990, and Monhuai Literature Prize commences from 1998. First Monhuai Literature Prize was held by Raiser Literature and Art Association, afterwards, Maioli County Government took over Raiser Literature and Art Association which is a Literature and Art association established by Miaoli local educated people and dedicates to Maioli literature and art. The writer reorganizes related research on literature review on chapter one and finds that most of research on local literature prize illustrates on locialization writing and investigates internal power operation mechanism on literature prize. On chapter two, the writer first analyzes the established development process of Monhuai Literature Prize, naming, transfering of coorganizer, design and limit of general regulation. Ultimately, making analysis on constitute of reportage judges, award winner background, and writing subject.
Our thesis illustrates from the vision of ethnic writing and makes concentration on and caring about Hakkanese who has largest popularity in Miaoli County, aborigine who has less popularity, and vulnerable new inhabitant. We also investigate the writing of Hakkanese, aborigine, and new inhabitant. The writer not only analyzes with the text and award winner, but also cites the comments and idea made by Monhuai Literature Prize judges in adequate. The writer sincerely hopes to investigates the Maioli local imagine by judges under the literature prize mechanism from the analysis of comments.
There are literariness, news information, and even critical on reportage. From annual prized masterpieces, the writer finds that some writer intergrates the topics of social protest, no matter the disturbance of wind power or investigation the menace of Leopard Cat for development on industrial road, and have deep and wide critical strength. The judges ask the reportage literature masterpiecea to have the problem awareness and focus on kernel question instead of abusing of literature review, live field research in deepth. From this, we could realize that judges hope writers set into the social underprivileged and care about the vlunerable ethnics with problem awareness. Besides, the writer also get the point from the analysis of awarded mastepiece that most of writers take the first person description viewpoint in writing and this leads readers more easily get into author's emotion or thought. With the description of personcharacter in detail and the direct cited description dialogue, it lets readers and judges feel the Live Voice.
In Hakkanese writing, the topics focus on traditional cuisine, festival, architecture, skill, religion worship, and figure. Besides it also adequately merges into Hakkanese slang and reveals the Hakkanese subjectivity. In aboriginal writing, it investigates culture taboo, culture heritage, and culture acknowledgement, and make study on aborigine women return to trbie and rally culture or extend the caring point into the aboriginal tribe solitary elders caring. In the writing of new inhabitant, it reveals the affirmative image of new women inhabitants. From the Monhuai Literature Prize complicated mechanism, award masterpieces reveals thick Miaoli locization. From these points, the writers illustrates the judges, award winners, the Maioli ethnic, and local imagine and writing from Loclization, Ethnic, and Critical.

並列關鍵字

Monhuai Literature Prize ； Reportage ； Ethnic ； Localization ； Critical

參考文獻

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