奈米碳管接枝4, 4-二異氰酸二苯甲烷/碳纖維/共聚物高分子之機械性質暨疲勞行為

Investigation of Mechanical Properties and Fatigue Behavior of 4, 4’-Methylenediphenyl diisocyanate grafted Carbon Nanotubes / Copolymer / Carbon Fiber Reinforced Laminated Composite

江浩(Chiang, Hao)

指導教授 ： 蔡宏營

國立清華大學/工學院/動力機械工程學系/碩士(2016年)

摘要

近年來，由於工業與學術的進步，使得複合材料的應用層面與取向日益廣泛，它從工業的基石深入民生用品與交通運輸，故其材料機械性質及疲勞行為之應用門檻也隨之提升。因此本研究擬將氧代氮代苯并環己烷 (Benzoxazine) /環氧樹脂之共聚物做為高分子基材主體，並於高分子基材中添加奈米碳管 (Carbon Nanotubes) 作為奈米補強材，達到橋接纖維與基材介面與提升其機械性質及疲勞行為之目的。
　　首先探討奈米碳管於高分子基材中之分散性及界面特性，欲先利用硝酸對奈米碳管進行氧化，提升奈米碳管之表面活性，再利用化學共價鍵改質法將4, 4-二異氰酸二苯甲烷接枝於奈米碳管表面，增加異相材料之間之相容性，進而提升其界面強度，並研究應用於碳纖維高分子複合材料之機械性質暨疲勞行為。
　　改質奈米碳管之化學鑑定可藉由拉曼光譜分析、霍式紅外線光譜分析、高解析電子能譜儀分析及熱重損失之結果得到證明。由動態熱機械分析結果顯示，添加改質奈米碳管可以更有效的提升玻璃轉換溫度及材料內部之交聯密度。
　　由靜態機械性質測試及動態扭轉疲勞測試之結果顯示，添加改質奈米碳管相較於添加未改質奈米碳管，可以更有效抑制纖維脫層及裂紋增長，並提升各項機械性質之強度及動態疲勞之壽命。

關鍵字

改質奈米碳管 ； 環氧樹脂 ； 氧代氮代苯并還己烷 ； 碳纖維 ； 機械性質 ； 疲勞行為 ； 複合材料

並列摘要

In recent years, due to rapid growth of industrial and academic development, carbon reinforced polymer composite has been paid much attention and further applied to a wide variety of fields from industrial applications to daily necessities. This study is going to choose benzoxazine/epoxy copolymer as the matrix of composite in which carbon nanotubes is added to bridge the matrix and fiber in order to achieve the goal of improvement in mechanical properties and fatigue behavior.
　　To enhance the ability of dispersion and interfacial property of carbon nanotubes in the matrix, carbon nanotubes will be firstly treated by nitric acid, which is to increase the surface reactivity. Carbon nanotubes are then chemically modified by 4, 4’-Methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) so as to improve the compatibility among different phases of materials. In the end of this study, mechanical properties and fatigue behavior will be clearly discussed.
　　Success of chemical modification of carbon nanotubes can be proved by a series of chemical identifications such as Raman spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and so on. Additionally, the result of Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) also shows that glass transition temperature of modified carbon nanotubes based polymer composite increases by about 12 degrees and that the increasing cross-linking density significantly improves the mechanical properties compared with pure polymer matrix.
　　Last but not least, the results of static mechanical properties and dynamic fatigue behavior are investigated and revealed great improvement by adding chemical modified carbon nanotubes, which are able to keep carbon fiber laminates from delaminating so easily and effectively lengthen the fatigue life of carbon fibrous composite.

並列關鍵字

Chemical modified carbon nanotubes ； Epoxy ； Benzoxazine ； Carbon fiber ； Mechanical properties ； Fatigue behavior ； Composite

參考文獻

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[4] 游俊盟,2005, “馬來醯胺- 氧代氮代苯并環已烷之合成、聚合及硬化樹脂研究,”私立中原大學化學工程學系碩士論文.

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