利用電化學沉積法於奈米碳管上製備高濃度鉑奈米 顆粒並應用於質子交換膜燃料電池陽極端之研究

本研究利用電化學沉積法於奈米碳管上製備高濃度鉑奈米顆粒並應用於質子交換膜燃料電池陽極端。由於質子交換膜燃料電池在低溫下擁有高能量密度、對環境無害且以高分子交換膜傳導質子無任何化學液體並無封裝問題等優點，已成為未來汽車和可攜帶式電子產品的電源選擇之一。影響質子交換膜燃料電池效率重要因素之一為電極之觸媒，為了得到高分散性及粒徑較小之觸媒顆粒，使用高比表面積之奈米碳管作為觸媒支撐層已被廣為採用，除此之外，奈米碳管擁有好的電子傳導力、絕佳機械性質和高的化學穩定性等優點。然而，要成長高分散性的觸媒奈米顆粒仍然有很大的挑戰，尤其是在製備出高濃度鉑奈米顆粒於奈米碳管上之挑戰。本研究主要目的是利用簡單電沉積方法製備出高分散性、高濃度之鉑奈米顆粒於奈米碳管上。實驗步驟方面，首先利用化學氣象沉積法直接成長奈米碳管於氣體擴散層上，再使用循環伏安法對奈米碳管作親水處理，最後利用電化學沉積法於氯鉑酸和檸檬酸混合溶液內製備高濃度鉑奈米顆粒於奈米碳管上。測試方面，經由循環伏安法分別於 0.5 M 硫酸溶液和0.5 M 硫酸溶液加上1 M甲醇進行半電池測試，並利用 X 光粉末繞射儀(XRD)、掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)、穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)、高解析電子能譜儀(HRXPS)、感應耦合電漿質譜分析儀(ICP-MS)對試片做進一步的分析，最後利用全電池測試將自製觸媒與商用觸媒進行比較。氫氣單電池測試結果發現，使用最佳參數的自製觸媒作為陽極，其功率密度可達927 mW/cm2，此效率是高於陰陽極兩邊使用商用觸媒之單電池的50%，另一方面，使用陰陽極都是自製觸媒之單電池，其效率更可達1190 mW/cm2。

關鍵字

質子交換膜燃料電池；鉑；奈米碳管；電化學沉積法

並列摘要

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have generated considerable interest as a power source for portable electronics and automobiles because of their high power density at lower temperatures, environmentally friendly nature and compact design. The catalyst layers are the one of important factors in determining the efficiency of PEMFCs. In order to increase the efficiency of PEMFCs, the catalysts with smaller particle size and highly dispersion were readily characterized. In order to enhance catalytic properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as catalyst supports have sparked an interest due to their high surface area, strong mechanical properties and good electronic conductivity. However, obtaining highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles is still a challenge. Thus, this study investigated high loading Pt nanoparticles on multiwalled carbon nanotubes by electrodeposition method applied for the anode of PEMFCs. In the experiment, CNTs were directly grown on the gas diffusion layer by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and then treated with hydrophilic process. After that, Pt nanoparticles were deposited on CNTs by the electrochemical method in chloroplatinic acid and citric acid at 30℃. The electrochemical characterizations of catalysts were obtained by cyclic voltammetry in argon saturated 0.5M H2SO4 and 0.5M H2SO4 with 1M CH3OH solution, respectively. Pt/CNTs/Carbon Cloth or Carbon Paper were characterized by SEM, TEM, XPRD, HRXPS and ICP-MS. Finally, The single cell tests indicated the power density of the homemade MEA could reach up to 927 mW/cm2 which is 50% higher than that of the commercial MEA.

並列關鍵字

PEMFC ； Pt ； Carbon nanotubes ； Electrodeposition

參考文獻

[1] Hagelüken, Christian, "Recycling the Platinum Group Metals: A European Perspective", Platinum Metals Review, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 29-35, 2012

[2] 盧敏彥, "燃料電池電及觸媒(一)-高分子電解質膜燃料電池陽極觸媒", The Chinese Chem. Soc., vol. 62, no. 1, pp.139~148, March. 2004

[3] W. R. Grove, ''On voltaic series and the combination of gases by platinum'', Phil. Mag., vol. 14, pp. 127-130, 1839

[4] J. Larminie, A. Dicks, Fuel cell systems explained 2nd, edited by J. Wiley, Chichester West Sussex, 2003

[5] B. Wickman, ''Nanostructured Model Electrodes for Studies of Fuel Cell Reactions'', Chalmers University of Technology, 2010

國際替代計量

利用電化學沉積法於奈米碳管上製備高濃度鉑奈米顆粒並應用於質子交換膜燃料電池陽極端之研究

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