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  • 學位論文

時間片管理機制的效能評比

Performance Evaluation of Timeslice Management Mechanisms

指導教授 : 張韻詩 金仲達

摘要


在現代,大多數的作業系統為了分享有限的處理器時間給程序,會讓程序們輪流的執行。每一個程序會執行一段時間,停止,然後等待下一次的執行時間。當作業系統把執行時間細分然後分配給想要執行的程序時,讓程序們快速的輪流執行時,就可以給予一種所有的程序都在同時執行的感覺。至於程序在輪流執行時,每一次可以被允許執行多久的時間則是由作業系統裡面的排程器來決定。除了一些少數的例外,Windows的核心排程器會給予所有想要執行的程序相同的時間,而不去考慮程序的優先度以及狀態等等。相對來說,Linux 2.6.10的核心排程器就會根據程序的優先度,然後計算出每一個程序在每一次被允許執行的時間可以是多久。 本篇論文是在評比Windows跟Linux這兩個作業系統管理這個執行時間長短的方法。這兩個作業系統的執行時間管理方法以及其他的排程計算方法都被模擬在一個模擬器上面,然後在不同的工作量以及系統的參數之下進行了許多的實驗。這些實驗所得到的效能資訊被紀錄下來然後整理重現。從這些效能的資訊可以顯示出這兩個作業系統所使用的不同的方法,在不同的工作量以及系統的參數之下,有些情況下使用比較複雜方法的Linux會比使用比較簡單方法的Windows有著較佳的效能。而再另外一些情況下,Windows的效能表現則跟Linux的效能表現一樣。

並列摘要


Most modern operating systems allocate limited amounts of processor time to tasks and let them take turns to run. By dividing time on each processor to ready-to-run tasks, the operating system gives the impression that the tasks are running simultaneously. The amount of time each task is allowed to run each turn is assigned by the scheduler. With a few exceptions, Windows kernel scheduler gives all tasks the same amount regardless of their priorities. In contrast, Linux 2.6.10 kernel computes the amount for each task based on its priority. This thesis evaluates the methods used by Windows and Linux operating systems to allocate time to tasks under different workloads and system configurations by simulating the methods and scheduling algorithms used by the operating systems. The performance data presented here demonstrate that under certain workloads and system configurations, the more complicated Linux operating system has better performance than its simpler Windows counterpart. While in some other cases Windows performs just as well as Linux.

參考文獻


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