薄膜電晶體液晶顯示器面板廠商之專利地圖分析

A Patent-based Strategy Analysis for TFT-LCD Panel Manufacturers

褚彥廷(Yan-Tyng Chu)

指導教授 ： 林博文

國立清華大學/科技管理學院/科技管理研究所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

在競爭激烈的高科技產業中，專利已成為企業所必備之競爭武器。台灣TFT-LCD繼半導體產業之後，即成為國內產值最大產業；然而，過去國外大廠常藉由強大的專利佈局向台灣索取鉅額權利金，以此前車之鑑，未來台灣應更積極提升專利強度與建構完整之專利布局。
TFT-LCD產業發展至今已逐漸步入成熟階段，近年更有大者恆大之態勢，本研究透過專利地圖分析全球23家TFT-LCD面板廠商其專利於美國與大陸兩大市場之變化與技術趨勢演進，以及進一步探討策略聯盟甚至購併後之專利分佈與市場變化。
研究結果顯示，大陸市場之專利成長趨勢有相當程度類同於美國市場，顯示各大TFT-LCD面板廠皆意識到大陸市場專利佈局之重性。然而，過去日本廠商雖擁有美國市場專利佈局上之優勢，至今也保有相當高度之專利品質，但如今大陸市場反被韓廠、台廠捷足先登，日本廠商真正有心經營大陸市場的面板廠已寥寥無幾，近期多家欲東山再起的日廠無不選擇以橫向整併、合資的方式力圖振作，促進了TFT LCD產業大者恆大的趨勢。而從專利地圖分析也發現出，因應大者恆大的趨勢，無論是美國還是大陸市場，其專利數量累積前五名者皆是由進行購併後以及聯盟型態的廠商佔居鰲頭。
藉由本研究之專利地圖分析我們也意識到，專利雖是近年來TFT LCD產業愈來愈重視之一環，但似乎還有其他影響面板廠商生存、強弱的因素存在，因此，本研究於專利地圖分析之後，針對日、韓、台、中四國於產能、LCD TV品牌、以及大陸LCM廠佈局三項因素進行綜合性討論。研究結果指出，在這個競爭激烈又步入大者恆大趨勢的TFT LCD產業當中，光是掌握某項優勢是不夠的；歸咎2006年全球市佔率前五名面板廠商能獨霸鰲頭的原因，數據顯示，包含專利在內之四項指標是幫助這些面板廠商突破重圍、缺一不可之關鍵因素。

關鍵字

專利地圖 ； 專利分析 ； 專利佈局 ； 購併 ； 策略聯盟 ； TFT LCD

並列摘要

In the fiercely competing high-tech industry, patent has already become the indispensable weapon for companies to compete. Following the industry of semiconductor, TFT-LCD namely became the domestic greatest industry of output value in Taiwan. However, big foreign companies often asked Taiwan companies to pay for huge royalties by using their strong patent portfolio. With the lessons drawn from others' mistakes, Taiwan companies should more actively enhance the intensity of patent and develop complete patent portfolio in the future.
So far TFT-LCD industry gradually steps into mature stage, recently it even become to be the situation that the bigger the stronger. This study is aimed at 23 TFT-LCD panel manufacturers to analyze their patents in America and China two markets via patent map analysis, and further discuss the distribution of patent and changing in two markets after panel manufacturers proceed strategic alliance or even more merger.
The result of study shows that the growth trend of patent in China market has certain degree the same as the American market, which reveals that each big TFT-LCD panel factory all realizes the importance of the patent portfolio in China market. However, in the past although the Japanese manufacturers had competency on patent overall American market, and simultaneously possessed highly patent quality so far, but nowadays the China market is got ahead of others by the factory of Korea and Taiwan instead , it has been already very few Japanese manufacturers that really diligently managed panel factories on China market. Recently many factories try hard to bestir themselves by ways of horizontal merger and joint-venture invariably, which has promoted TFT LCD industry to be the situation that the bigger the stronger. And from the patent map analysis we find that due to the situation that the bigger the stronger, all the top five patent manufacturers in America or China market have carry on merger or alliance with others.
Analyze with the patent map of this research that we realize, although the patent is the important part that TFT LCD industry pays more and more attention in recent years, but it still seems to have other factors which can influence TFT LCD industry, so after patent map analysis, this research is aimed at Japanese, Korea, Taiwan, China four countries and study on three factors: output capability, LCD TV brands, LCM factory which located on Mainland China. The result of study is pointed out, in this fiercely competing TFT LCD industry which facing the situation that the bigger the stronger, it is not enough to only grasp a certain competency, impute to the reason that the top five panel manufacturers in 2006 in the world which accounting for the market share, those who can dominate to head of others, the data show, four indexes which the patent is inclusive of are the key factors to help these panel manufacturers to break through the tight encirclement.

並列關鍵字

Patent Map ； Patent Analysis ； Patent Portfolio ； Merger ； Strategy Alliance ； TFT LCD

參考文獻

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