新竹科學園區半導體廠商董監經理人之社會網路分析

The external ties and social network analysis of the board of directors

楊式玗(Yang Shyh-yu)

指導教授 ： 王俊程

國立清華大學/科技管理學院/科技管理研究所/碩士(2007年)

摘要

人的行為和組織的行為是如何受社會關係所影響，一直以來是社會理論所關心的課題。雖然新古典主義的經濟學家提出所謂的『低度社會化』或『個體行為』的理論來解釋人的經濟行為，社會學家及一些經濟學的改革者卻提出經濟行為是鑲嵌在社會關係的架構中的，認為組織的結盟關係或上下游廠商的關係行為都牽涉到所謂的社會關係。一直以來組織行為的研究方面，針對董監經理人的組成對於組織的影響著墨甚多，不論是在組織績效或是組織的策略都有所探討。本篇研究主要在探討董監經理人，不論是其在企業本身的產業內或非企業本身之產業的外部關係對於其組織的績效是否有所影響。本研究立基於Granovetter的社會鑲嵌理論，將董監經理人的外部連接關係視為其組織的社會資本之一種，組織可能經由其外部管道向外取得資源或是訊息而受益。另外本研究尚探討其董監經理人的交叉董事關係屬於產業內或產業外是否對於組織的績效有不同的影響，也企圖以新竹科學園區半導體產業為例，找出此產業的重要人物，瞭解半導體產業的董監經理人的社會網絡關係及其相關的衡量指標，如中心性或中介性，藉此找出該產業的中心人物並衡量其對於整體產業發展的影響。

關鍵字

社會網絡分析 ； 董監經理人

並列摘要

How behavior and institutions are affected by social relations is one of classic questions of social theory. The usual neoclassical accounts provide an “under- socialized” or “atomized-actor” explanation of economic action, while reformist economists attempt to bring social structure in concern the extent to which economic action is embedded in structures of social relation, in modern industrial society. There is a distinguished tradition of conceptualization and research arguing that boards of directors’ composition can influence a variety of organizational outcomes. This paper is attend to examine the extent to which boards of directors’ boundary spanning relations, their external ties and relations inside and outside their industry affecting organizational outcomes and performance. I posit that the informational and social influences of external ties are a kind of social capital of the company and will be beneficial to firm performance. I also wonder the extent to which intra-industry and extra-industry ties of a board composition is related to organizational outcomes. This research includes a case setting on HsinChu Science Park, tried to find out whether a single central person, one who has the highest degree of centrality in semiconductor industry, is able to make a significant effect on the development of an Industry.

並列關鍵字

social network ； board of directors

參考文獻

張維安，2001，社會鑲嵌與本土化研究-以關係網絡與經濟活動研究為例，教育與社會研究第二期pp.67-99。

John Scott (2000) “Social Network Analysis” British: SAGE Publication

Mark Granovetter (1985) “Economic Action and Social Structure: The problem of Embeddedness” AJS Vol.91, No.3, pp.481-510

Brian Uzzi (1996) “The Sources and Consequences of Embeddedness for the Economic Performance of Organizations: The Network Effect” American Sociological Review Vol.61, pp.674-698

Frederic Deroian (2002) “Formation of Social networks and diffuse ion of innovations” Research Policy Vol.31, (5), pp.835-846