應用於小型直流無刷風力發電系統之新型三相交直流轉換器

A Novel Three-Phase AC/DC Converter for Small-Scale BLDC Wind Power Generation Systems

蕭佳峻(Chia-Chun Hsiao)

指導教授 ： 潘晴財

國立清華大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2011.00568

摘要

考量空間限制及噪音之問題，垂直軸式小型風力發電系統成為分散式潔淨能源的熱門選擇，且適合發展於住宅區之民生用電系統上，以達到分散式能源供應的目標。為了更進一步增加整體系統效率以及降低成本，許多文獻亦針對轉換器效率和所對應之最大功率追蹤控制去做改善。因此，本論文主要研究動機將聚焦於以上所述。
基本上，本論文的主要貢獻可摘要如下：首先，提出一新型單級式升降壓交直流轉換器以改善其效率，並整合於直流無刷發電機系統，以達成控制較簡單之目的。第二點貢獻，針對本文所提之直流無刷發電機及新型轉換器進行數學模型導演，以便於閉迴路控制器之設計，並且同時加入同步整流控制及電流換相漣波消減控制以提升系統響應。第三點貢獻則針對直流無刷風力發電機系統提出一最大功率追蹤控制方法，使風力機於風速變化的情況下，可擷取更多的能量。最後實體建構一額定功率200W之直流無刷風力發電系統以測試所提控制方法之效果，經由實驗結果顯示，所提轉換器之效率最高可達95.1%，並且於20W至200W的負載情況下轉換效率均在90%以上。

關鍵字

小型風力發電系統、直流無刷發電機、單級式交直流轉換器、最大功率追蹤控制、換相漣波

並列摘要

Due to less limitation of space and noise problems, vertical small-scale wind power generation systems are becoming more and more popular distributed clean energy sources in residential areas. In order to further increase the overall system efficiency and decrease the cost, many efforts are made to improve the converter efficiency as well as the corresponding maximum power point tracking control. Hence, the major motivation of this thesis is focused on the above two issues.
Basically, the major contributions of this thesis may be summarized as follows. First, a novel single-stage boost-buck AC/DC converter is proposed to integrate with the brushless DC generator (BLDCG) to achieve more flexible control and improve the converter efficiency. Second, the mathematical models of the proposed BLDCG and converter are derived for convenient closed loop control design. Also, synchronous rectification control and a novel generator current commutation ripple reduction control are integrated at the same time to enhance the system performance. Third, a novel maximum power point tracking control is proposed for extracting more wind power while the wind speed is changing dynamically. Finally, a 200W rating vertical BLDC wind power system is constructed for testing the effectiveness of the proposed control. Experimental results show that a maximum converter efficiency of 95.1% can be achieved and the efficiency remains above 90% as the load is varied from 20W to 200W.

並列關鍵字

small-scale wind power generation system, brushless DC generator, single-stage AC/DC converter, MPPT control, commutation ripple.

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