以管內結冰抑制圓管複合材料鑽孔脫層之探討

現今，複合材料的應用已經相當廣泛，不僅是在航太工業，日常產品也有複合材料的出現，例如汽車與自行車的結構，或是球拍與相機腳架等。複合材料比起傳統金屬材料有著高出甚多的比強度、比勁度與抗腐蝕等優點，使其可以大幅降低產品的重量，並且有更好的剛性。鑽孔，是業界最常見的機械加工之一，在不同的工件上製造孔洞以便組裝使用。然而，複合材料並非由單一種材質組成，因此複合材料在鑽孔加工時，底部出口端往往會出現層與層分離的現象，稱之為脫層。脫層使得機械性質下降，並有使用上的安全疑慮，諸多學者曾提出方法來改善脫層，本文介紹的是即一種可以改善pre-preg熱壓成型製程之碳纖圓管複合材料鑽孔脫層的方法。水，是最具流動性質的材料，也是相當便利且便宜的材料，而將水結成冰後，其膨脹擴張的特性可以利用在脫層的抑制，且對於環境不會造成汙染。本實驗使用管內結凍以作為改善鑽孔脫層現象的方法，透過多組的進給速率、轉速作為變數，以探討使用冰做為抵制脫層方法之效益。實驗結果顯示，使用此方式最高可達到43％的脫層改善效果，或是在同一脫層面積下，可以使用400%的進給速率加工，顯現出本研究的實用性與經濟效益。

關鍵字

複合材料；鑽孔；脫層；結冰；支撐

並列摘要

Composite materials have grown rapidly as the structural parts in many industrial sectors ranging from the advanced aerospace to electrical vehicles and leisure goods. The composite materials possess superior mechanical properties of high levels of strength-to-weight ratio, fracture toughness, corrosion resistance and abilities for adapting to a variety of shapes to meet the applications. Drilling is indispensable for building most load-carrying structure of composites. Owing to the peculiar property of composite laminates, delamination defect is usually produced at the exit of drilling, which leads to serious concerns of reliability and safety. This research presents an innovative method utilizing the internal expansive force during water icing to suppress delamination in drilling on wall of CFRP tubes which are made by pre-preg sheets and formed by vacuum forming process. The experimental results demonstrate the delamination extent can be reduced up to 43%, while the drilling feed rates can be also elevated more than 400% when maintaining the same level of delamination extent. Being more advantageous than the previous method of applying electromagnetic media inside the tube as back-up, the water icing is both clean and easily remelted as well as recycled leaving little environmental concerns after use. It requires no attention of cleaning the drill bits and composite tubes. The proposed innovative method is effective and inexpensive for industry.

並列關鍵字

Composites ； Drilling ； Delamination ； Icing ； Back-up

參考文獻

[6] H. Hocheng and C. K. H. Dharan, “Delamination During Drilling in Composite Laminates”, ASME, Journal of Engineering for Industry, Vol. 112, pp. 236-239(1990)

[7] H. Hocheng and C. C. Tsao, “Effect of Exit Back-up on Delamination in Drilling Composite Materials Using Saw Drill and Core Drill”, International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, Vol. 45, pp.1261-1270(2005)

[8] W. C. Chen, “Some Experimental Investigations in the Drilling of Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) Composite laminates”, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture, Vol. 37, No. 8, pp.1097-1108(1997)

[9] L.M.P. Durão, J.M.R.S. Tavares, V. H.C. de Albuquerque, D.J.S. Gonçalves, “Damage evaluation of drilled carbon/epoxy laminates based on area assessment methods”, Composite Structures, Volume 96, pp. 576–583(2013)

國際替代計量

以管內結冰抑制圓管複合材料鑽孔脫層之探討

全文下載

主題瀏覽