探討Abl, Abi, FAK的果蠅突變株對於果蠅幼蟲神經肌肉聯會系統突觸產生的影響

肌動蛋白佔了整個細胞很大的比例，並且各種細胞中許多生理機能都是透過調控肌動蛋白來做調節。在過去，肌動蛋白大量被用來研究非神經細胞的移動、分化或是蛋白質的運輸等等，但在神經細胞上著墨甚少。由於神經細胞也跟一般細胞一樣含有許多肌動蛋白，於是有人推測肌動蛋白在神經細胞中應該也扮演著重要的角色，之後便陸陸續續有研究集中投入這塊領域，掀開調控肌動蛋白對神經系統影響的序幕。為了窺探調控肌動蛋白對神經細胞可能造成的影響，在本篇實驗中，我們檢測了多個與調控肌動蛋白相關蛋白質的果蠅突變株：Abl1/Abl4, abiKO/abiP2, Abl1 abiKO/Abl4 abiP2, and Fak56KG00304，藉由觀察這些突變株神經肌肉聯會系統與野生型的差異，進而推估出這些蛋白質在神經細胞中可能的功能。我們根據被突變基因之間的關聯性，將果蠅突變株分成Abl組以及FAK組，分別觀察了：突觸傳送訊息的效能(synaptic transmission)、突觸小泡運輸釋放與回收的機制、突觸的可塑性是否有受到影響。結果發現在Abl組以及FAK組突觸傳送訊息的效能都有受到影響；而abi-/-以及Fak56突變株則些微影響了突觸小泡的運輸；在突觸可塑性的方面則只有abi-/-突變株有受到影響。整體的結果顯示Abl組可能參與維持突觸的強度及控制其分支的程度，而FAK可能也與控管突觸末端的生長有關。此外，較特別的是Abi可能另外參與了和cAMP cascade相關的路徑，因此可能也和學習與記憶相關。

關鍵字

神經肌肉聯會系統；肌動蛋白；突觸；果蠅幼蟲

並列摘要

Actin is the most abundant protein in many cells, and regulating actin seems to be an important way to modulate cell activity. Actin had drawn a lot of attention on its involvement in motility, morphogenesis and proliferation of non-neuron cells, but little in neurons. Since neuronal cells contain as much of actin as non-neuron cells, some researchers suggested that actin may also play an important role in neurons. So more and more researches invested in this field, continually. In order to investigate the effects in which regulating actin may result in neurons, we examined some mutants about actin-interacted proteins of Drosophila larvae in this study. These mutants are Abl1/Abl4, abiKO/abiP2, Abl1 abiKO/Abl4 abiP2, and Fak56KG00304. To find the original function of these mutated protein in neurons, we observed the differences between wild-type and mutants in Drosophila Neuromuscular junction (NMJ) system. We compared many properties of Drosophila larvae which are separated into two groups, Abl and FAK, based on the relationship between these mutants. These properties are Synaptic transmission, Synaptic vesicles translocation and recycling, and Synaptic plasticity. We found that synaptic transmissions are affected both in Abl and FAK group. Besides, abi-/-and Fak56 have some effects on synaptic vesicles translocation. Furthermore, only abi-/- has effects on synaptic plasticity. Overall results implicate that Abl group may get involved in maintaining synaptic strength and controlling the extent of synaptic branch, and FAK may also get involve in control of axonal growth. In addition, Abi may have a little bit interaction with cAMP cascade which may be related with leaning and memory.

並列關鍵字

HASH(0x1a6f25d0) ； HASH(0x1a6f0ff0) ； HASH(0x1a6f1090) ； HASH(0x1a6f1130)

參考文獻

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Carballido-Lopez R. 2006. The Bacterial Actin-Like Cytoskeleton. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 70(4):888-909.

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探討Abl, Abi, FAK的果蠅突變株對於果蠅幼蟲神經肌肉聯會系統突觸產生的影響

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