摘要 位置資料保護,為科技發展所引發之新議題,隨著定位功能及裝置的低成本化,更引起各國高度重視,然而隱私權保護理論及司法實務之見解,雖然隨著時代的變遷,有不同的保護類型及保護範圍,但理論發展是否涵蓋保障個人位置資料,仍有些許爭議。 智慧型手機及衛星定位功能之普及化,產生大量適地性服務,亦造就新興的經濟產業,然而大量蒐集、儲存及使用他人位置資料,是否應符合個人資料保護之法規範,抑或是否應就其特殊性,專法管制或專章規範,即為本文所欲探討及分析之重點。 本文之主題在於個人位置資料之保護,並以我國法為基礎出發,檢視我國目前保護位置資料是否全面外,輔以各國立法規範,以「國家安全及監察法制」及「商業目的使用規範法制」兩大部分作議題式之呈現,並考量技術可行性及保護位置資料之經濟分析,嘗試提出建議與最佳立法思考方向。
Abstract The protection of location data is a novel issue triggered by the development of science and technology. With the decreasing costs of position tracking functions and devices, countries are attaching greater importance to this area. However, although the scope of protection offered by the different opinions of privacy protection theories and judicial practices vary with the changing times, there are still some disputes over whether the theoretical developments cover the protection of personal location data. The widespread of smartphones and satellite positioning function resulted in a large number of location-based services, and also created new economic industries. However, whether the mass collection, storage, and use of the location data of others comply with personal data protection laws and regulations, or whether it should be under the control of a special law or code due to its special nature, is the focus of the discussions and analysis in this paper. The theme of this paper lies in the protection of personal location data using the laws of our country as the starting point. It aims not only to examine the comprehensiveness of the current laws protecting location data in our country, but also, with the support of legislations from other countries, presents issue-wise on two major topics: "national security and surveillance" and "regulations of commercial purposes and utilization". The paper takes into consideration the technical feasibility and economic analysis of the protection of location information, and tries to give advice and offer the optimal legislative direction of thinking.