具車輛至電網及電網至車輛雙向操作能力之電動車輛切換式磁阻馬達驅動系統

本論文旨在開發一用於電動車之蓄電池供電切換式磁阻馬達驅動系統，具電網至車輛以及車輛至電網操作功能。所開發之馬達系統電力電路使用兩個三相功率模組建構一非對稱橋式轉換器及一雙象限前端直流/直流轉換器，藉由適宜之電流及速度控制安排，以獲得良好驅動特性。並使用換相前移及直流鏈電壓升壓技巧，進一步增進馬達於高速下之驅控性能。此外，透過適當之換相角及前端轉換器開關設定達成馬達之再生煞車。當車輛處於閒置狀態，利用馬達驅動系統之固有元件可組構成一具前端轉換器之雙向單相三線式變頻器。48V蓄電池電壓經由前端升壓轉換器建立良好調節特性之400V直流鏈。接著由變頻器產出60Hz 220/110V 交流電源，由所採之差模及共模控制，可得良好之變頻器輸出交流電壓波形。於獨立能源管理操控上，所建單相三線變頻器可供電至負載，執行車輛至家庭供電之操作功能。除獨立操作模式外，所開發變頻器亦可安排執行電網至車輛以及車輛至電網操作功能。因變頻器擁有車輛蓄電池與單相三線電網間之雙向功率潮流能力，在功率調控安排上，市電可對車上蓄電池從事具功率因數矯正充電；反之，亦可令蓄電池對市電傳送功率。此外，於併網模式下，負載之所有虛功率及諧波功率可由蓄電池供電之變頻器補償之。所建構系統之控制法則均為全數位化實現，並以一些模擬及實測結果驗證其操作效能。

關鍵字

切換式磁阻馬達；電動車輛；蓄電池；電壓控制；電流控制；雙向變頻器；單相三線式；緊急電源；車上充電器；功率因數矯正；電網至車輛；車輛至電網

並列摘要

This thesis presents the establishment of a switched-reluctance motor (SRM) drive for electric vehicles (EVs) incorporating with grid to vehicle (G2V) and vehicle to grid (V2G) operation capabilities. The developed SRM drive consists of a two-quadrant front-end DC/DC converter and an asymmetric bridge converter, which are formed using two three-phase power modules. Well driving characteristics are obtained via proper current and speed controls. The commutation advanced shift as well as voltage boosting approaches are further applied to enhance the driving performance under high speed. In addition, the regenerative braking is also achieved by properly setting the commutation of SRM converter and the switching of front-end converter. In idle condition, a bilateral single-phase three-wire (1P3W) inverter with the same front-end stage is constructed using the embedded motor drive power devices. The 48V battery voltage is boosted by the front-end converter to established a well-regulated 400V DC-link. Then the 60Hz 220V/110V AC voltage outputs are generated from the followed inverter. Good inverter output waveforms are yielded by applying differential mode (DM) and common mode (CM) control approaches. In autonomous energy management operation, the 1P3W inverter can power the loads to perform vehicle-to-home (V2H) operation. In addition to autonomous mode, the inverter can be arranged to perform G2V and V2G operations. The developed bidirectional inverter system possesses flexible bidirectional power flow capability between vehicle battery and 1P3W utility grid. Hence, power conditioning control operation can be arranged to perform the EV battery charging from mains with power factor correction, and conversely, the programmed power transfer from battery to utility grid. Moreover, it can also be achievable to let all the load reactive and harmonic powers be compensated by the battery powered inverter in grid-connected operation cases. All the controls of the developed system are realized fully digitally. And some simulated and experimental results are provided to verify its operating performance.

並列關鍵字

Switched-reluctance motor ； electric vehicle ； battery ； voltage control ； current control ； bidirectional inverter ； single-phase three-wire ； emergency source ； on-board charger ； power factor correction ； grid to vehicle ； vehicle to grid

參考文獻

A. Green Energy

[2] M. Hashem Nehrir and Caisheng Wang, Modeling and control of fuel cells, IEEE Press, New Jork, 2009.

[3] J. Arai, K. Iba, T. Funabashi, Y. Nakanishi, K. Koyanagi and R. Yokoyama, “Power electronics and its applications to renewable energy in Japan,” IEEE Circuits Syst. Mag., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 52-66, 2008.

[4] I. Cvetkovic, T. Thacker, Dong Dong, G. Francis, V. Podosinov, D. Boroyevich, F. Wang, R. Burgos, G. Skutt and J. Lesko, “Future home uninterruptible renewable energy system with vehicle-to-grid technology,” in Proc. IEEE ECCE, 2009, pp. 2675-2681.

[5] D. Boroyevich, I. Cvetkovic, D. Dong, R. Burgos, F. Wang and F. C. Lee, “Future electronic power distribution systems a contemplative view,” IEEE OPTIM, 2010, pp. 1369-1380.

國際替代計量

具車輛至電網及電網至車輛雙向操作能力之電動車輛切換式磁阻馬達驅動系統

全文下載

主題瀏覽