基於隱藏式馬可夫模型的人流計數技術

HMM-based people counting

陳品翰(Chen, Pin Han)

指導教授 ： 黃仲陵 ； 鐘太郎

國立清華大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2012年)

https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2012.00693

摘要

本論文對於人流計數提出了一個新的方法，利用橢圓偵測和HOG上半身偵測搭配HMM和追蹤來實現。首先前景的物件剪影會被萃取出來稱作blobs，藉由分析blob的資訊然後基於行人和行人之間的關係而產生blobs之間的鏈結。由鏈結所得的資訊可得知此物件blob在偵測畫面區域中的過往訊息，如此可得知物件是否和別的物件發生碰撞或是物件維持著狀態的時間等。為了計算出blob中的物件，我們使用橢圓偵測以及HOG上半身偵測以尋找物件個數。使用橢圓偵測是以橢圓逼近行人的輪廓並快速尋找匹配的blob面積，而使用HOG偵測是確保當blob資訊不夠完整時，能夠直接在畫面中搜尋行人的位置。在而為了解決重疊的問題，我們使用HMM用以檢測各種不同的鏈結上所記錄的blob狀態而找出最符合的假設再加以判別人數，和以往方法最大的不同點是，我們是使用物件從進入場景到離開場景這整段時間的所有blob資訊作為人流計數的依據，相較於只考慮物件幾張特定畫面做分析的方法會來的更精確嚴謹。 在最後的實驗中，由實驗數據可以證明本論文所提出方法的可行性。

關鍵字

人流計數 ； 隱藏馬可夫模型 ； 橢圓匹配 ； 行人偵測 ； blob

並列摘要

This paper presents a new people counting approach using ellipse detection , HOG upper body detection, HMM and tracking. First of all, the foreground object silhouettes are extracted described as blobs. The linkage is generated by analyzing the blob information between blobs and the relationship between pedestrian. We can get the object blobs previous states by analyzing the linkage information in the region of interest. Then we have the information of the objects which are merged or separated. To count the objects in the blob, we use ellipse detection and HOG upper body detection to get the number of objects in the blob. We use ellipse detection by matching the area and fitting the outline of the blobs with the ellipse, and then we use HOG upper body detection to detect the position of the pedestrian if the blob information is not enough. To solve occlusion problem, we use HMM to model the variations blob states on each linkage, which can be used to find the most matching hypothesis to determine the people number. Different from previous methods, we analyze the image sequences from the objects entering the scene till the objects exiting the scene. Compare with the specific frames analyzing way, we have better accuracy. In the experiments, we illustrate the effectiveness of our method.

參考文獻

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