- 學位論文
手搖茶王國的創新之路
The Road to Innovation in Taiwan's Bubble Tea Industry
摘要
1980年代，泡沫紅茶在台灣掀起一陣手搖旋風，轉眼經過了三十年，人手一杯手搖茶，已經成為我們日常生活中的一部分。這個不起眼的產業，不只產值高達數百億，還能進軍國際市場，台灣，可說是名副其實的手搖茶王國。手搖茶究竟從何而來？手搖茶王國的崛起，對產業創新與升級的挑戰提供什麼樣的啟示？本研究從技術創新的視角切入，並將手搖茶放回台灣百年茶業的發展以及茶飲文化的歷史脈絡中，重新思考台灣服務業創新與在地技術之間的聯繫。 本研究發現，手搖茶的發展從泡沫紅茶發明至今，可辨認出三種主要的技術典範，從技術變遷的過程中，得以觀察出在地技術與社會的相互形塑。首先，泡沫紅茶始於春水堂熱茶冷飲的革新，以小壺品茗的「銘刻在身體的茶飲技術」為核心，再進一步衍生出「整桶泡好」與「杯杯現調」兩種不同的技術典範，前者以「去技術的黑箱化」協助產業與市場的快速擴張，後者則以「再技術的標準化」將茶湯的水準找了回來。 手搖茶的創新同時發生在產業的上、中、下游所構成的網絡當中，不同位置的行動者將各自的技術資源帶進來，一方面創造出自身的利基，也進一步豐富了手搖茶的技術支援網絡，這樣動態的過程超出既有產業類別的侷限，以跨領域的方式不斷創新，也是台灣產業與技術的特質與活力來源。 本研究透過一個在地技術創新的實例，企圖點出當今台灣產業與技術政策的盲點：台灣的服務業，包括社會企業或文創產業，不應侷限在抽象的文化與象徵層次，應設法善用台灣產業幾十年來所累積的製造技術資產。手搖茶的創新之路，訴說了台灣服務業與在地技術結合的可能性與挑戰。
並列摘要
Flourishing since 1980's, Bubble Tea in Taiwan start as an insignificant street beverage, now is not only a part of our daily life, but also a billion-dollar industry, marching to the global market. This thesis tells a story about how Taiwan built up the empire of bubble tea industry, and the policy implication for industrial innovation and upgrading. With the perspective of technological change, and the historical context of Taiwan's Tea industry and tea-drinking culture, this case study will examine the complex relationship between technology, industry, society, and the link between service industry and local manufacturing's technical support. This research identifies three basic technical paradigm in the history of bubble tea industry, and from the process of technological change, we can see the mutual shaping of technology and society. It started from the Chun Shui Tang Teahouse, the tacit knowledge of "knowing tea" is the foundation of bubble tea. And then there are two derivative paradigms: "made in advance" and "made on site". "Made in advance" provided a "deskilling black box" that lowering the threshold of business, and drove the market to grow. "Made on site" higher the quality of tea by "reskilling standardization". Innovation took part in every industrial segments in bubble tea industry which form a technological support network. Different actors creating their own niche by bringing in their technical resources, to further enrich the network itself. This cross-segment dynamic process made the innovation possible, and also create the unique technical characteristics in Taiwan.