- 學位論文
養育魯凱的孩子： Taromak的照顧網絡與母職實踐
Bringing up the Rukai： Caring Network and Motherhood Practices in Taromak Tribe
摘要
本研究透過參與觀察與深度訪談，探討台東魯凱族部落Taromak的母職實踐，本研究指出Taromak部落展現共同的照顧網絡，其中，商家、教會與親屬關係都扮演照顧角色，使得照顧責任並非集中在單獨的生理母親，而呈現跨越血緣的共同照顧。同時，透過養育出「魯凱的孩子」，母職實踐不局限於家庭之內，更具有集體傳承的責任。 Taromak婦女不僅是部落照顧者，更是文化傳承者。這些婦女焦頭爛額的母職實踐反映其社會處境的劣勢焦慮，以及部落的混雜性質。Taromak部落婦女在密集母職意識形態影響，以及既有照顧網絡的情境下，產生夾在中間充滿焦慮混雜的母職意識形態，是一個當代原住民婦女既有部落本身的關係實踐，卻又有身為母親的種種完美母職焦慮。 她們既希望孩子能夠在當代社會具有競爭力，又希望其投入部落文化，以讓部落得以存續。因此，一方面，Taromak婦女竭盡全力防止孩子向下流動，強調獨立吃苦的教養策略;另一方面，婦女投入部落文化工作，並肩負起凝聚部落族人的責任。
並列摘要
Through participant observation and in-depth interviews, research probe into the motherhood practices in Taromak tribe of Taitung and discover its collective caring network. Stores, churches and relative relationships share the burden of birth mother and therefore embody the collective childhood caring which is beyond family boundary. In addition, based on the ideal of “children of Taromak”, motherhood practices represent the responsibility and importance of cultural inheritance which is also beyond family boundary. Taromak women play the roles of child care and culture inherit. Motherhood practices of overloaded Taromak women reflect social status and anxieties of these underprivileged women and the complex social situation in the tribe. Such anxieties are caused from ideology of intensive mothering and complexity of caring network and therefore shape another kind of in-between and hybrid ideology of motherhood. Motherhood practices of Taromak women are shaped between modern society and the tribe. They are not only wishing their children obtain the necessary competitiveness in modern society but also wishing their children can be devoted to cultural affairs in the tribe. Therefore, Taromak women are exhaust to avoid downward mobility of their children by caring strategy that focus on endurance and independent in one hand. On the other hand, they devote their self to the cultural work and take the responsibility of uniting the tribe.