詞彙與次詞彙處理因素對英語單字聽覺學習之影響

Lexical and Sublexical Processing Factors in L2 English Auditory Word Learning

謝依芯(Yi-Sin Sie)

指導教授 ： 陳宗穎

國立清華大學/人文社會學院/外國語文學系/碩士(2020年)

摘要

本研究目的是重新探討音韻機率與鄰近密度對於英語單字聽覺學習的影響。除了音韻機率與鄰近密度這兩個重要因素，也一同探討其他英語單字學習之字彙因素，包含中文詞頻、記憶鞏固，以及這些因素的交互影響。本實驗隨機選取100個低頻英語單字，並採用迴歸分析來了解這些因素可能促進或是抑制英語單字聽覺學習。受測者皆為20歲以上成人。
　　在實驗中的訓練階段，受測者會聽到隨機撥放的100個英語單字並同時在電腦螢幕上依序看到對應的中文註釋。實驗的測驗階段分為兩部分，單字辨識測驗與唸讀測驗。每個部分又分為兩階段，訓練完的即時測驗以及相隔一天的第二次測驗。在單字辨識測驗中，每個目標英語單字會與一個讀音相似的單字配對，受測者會看到螢幕上隨機播放的中文註釋會緊接著聽到其對應的一組英語單字包含一個目標字與一個相似字，必須試著選出目標單字。在單字唸讀測驗中，螢幕上隨機依序播放中文註釋，受測者必須試著唸出其對應的目標英語單字。
　　實驗結果顯示，即使音韻機率的影響不顯著，顯著的低鄰近密度可促進英語單字聽覺學習。然而，單字辨識測驗結果指出，低鄰近密度的英語單字不利於記憶鞏固。此外，單字唸讀測驗結果之中有音韻機率與鄰近密度的交互影響。本研究提出理論、實驗結果與教學指導意義之討論。

關鍵字

音韻機率 ； 鄰近密度 ； 字彙學習 ； 詞頻 ； 記憶鞏固

並列摘要

The study aimed to reassess the effects of neighborhood density (ND) and phonotactic probability (PP) on L2 novel word learning and took more lexical factors of L2 word learning into account to seek further understanding of their effects, including token frequency of the L1 Chinese translation, memory consolidation and the interaction of these variables across two test sessions. Unlike previous research largely based on learning a small set of phonologically novel words, we adopted an experiment design for regression analysis with randomly selected word items for a better understanding of the continuous factors facilitating or inhibiting the word learning process of EFL learners. In the training session, one hundred low-frequency target L2 English words were auditorily presented with their L1 Chinese translation visually presented at the same time to L2 English learners aged 20 and above as participants. Two tests immediately following the training session and on a separate day were then administered to test auditory recognition and production of newly learned target words. In the test sessions of recognition-based test, each target word was paired with a phonologically similar competitor for the participants to match the correct target word and the corresponding L1 Chinese translation. In the production-based test, the participants were asked to produce the correct L2 auditory form that matched its L1 translation on the screen as quickly as possible. Results showed the lack of a significant L2 PP effect but a significant effect of low-L2-ND advantage in learning L2 auditory word forms with L1 translation and a low-L2-ND disadvantage for retaining L2 auditory word forms over time in the recognition test. In the production task, we found an interaction between the L2 PP and L2 ND effects on completely correct responses. The theoretical and pedagogical implication of these findings for L2 word learning were discussed.

並列關鍵字

phonotactic probability ； neighborhood density ； word learning ； word frequency ； memory consolidation

參考文獻

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