永磁同步馬達驅動風渦輪機模擬器及風力切換式磁阻發電機之開發

DEVELOPMENT OF A PERMANENT-MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR DRIVEN WIND TURBINE EMULATOR AND A WIND SWITCHED-RELUCTANCE GENERATOR

呂心禾(Hsin-Ho Lu)

指導教授 ： 廖聰明

國立清華大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程學系所/碩士(2020年)

摘要

本論文旨在開發一以永磁同步馬達為主之風渦輪機模擬器與切換式磁阻風力發電機系統。首先，為利於研究進行，探究微電網、風力發電機、永磁同步馬達與切換式磁阻馬達之ㄧ些關鍵事務及常用介面轉換器。接著提出所建永磁同步馬達為主之風渦輪機模擬器。在適當設計之轉矩控制下，特定風渦輪機之轉矩-轉速與功率-轉速曲線得以忠實產出。此外，將永磁同步馬達操作在定速模式，所開發之風渦輪機模擬器成為傳統發電機之渦輪機。為使風渦輪機模擬器由市電供電，本論文設計製作一模組化三角接三相切換式整流器。
接著，開發一由非對稱橋式轉換器供電之切換式磁阻風力發電機，以作為對風渦輪機模擬器之測試負載。經適當建構其組成，包括外加激磁架構、換相架構、電壓及電流控制器，可得到良好發電特性。在一般定速發電下，切換式磁阻發電機可輸出良好調節之電壓；而於變速風力發電下，應用擾動觀察法可穩定達成最大功率點追蹤。
最終，設計一直流/直流升壓式介面轉換器，由切換式磁阻發電機之輸出建立400V之微電網直流鏈。經由所設計之電流及電壓控制架構，可達成在切換式磁阻發電機輸出電壓變化與負載變動下，均有良好之電壓調節特性。所建所有功率級之正常操作與性能，皆以實測結果驗證。

關鍵字

風渦輪機模擬器 ； 風力發電機 ； 永磁同步馬達 ； 切換式磁阻發電機 ； 升壓式轉換器 ； 三相切換式整流器 ； 最大功率點追蹤

並列摘要

This thesis develops a permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) based wind turbine emulator (WTE) and a wind switched-reluctance generator (SRG) system. First, the fundamentals concerning micro-grid, wind generator, key issues of PMSM and switched-reluctance machine (SRM), and interface converters are explored. Then, the proposed PMSM based WTE is established. Under the properly designed torque control scheme, the designed torque-speed and power-speed curves of specified wind turbine can be faithfully generated. Besides, by operating the PMSM drive in constant-speed mode, the developed WTE can also be served as a conventional generator turbine. To let the WTE be powered from the mains, a modularly delta-connected three-phase switch-mode rectifier (SMR) is designed and implemented.
Next, a wind SRG with asymmetric bridge converter is developed to perform the loading test for the WTE system. Good generating characteristics are achieved via properly constructing its main constituted parts, including external excitation scheme, commutation scheme, current and voltage controllers. Under conventional generation, well-regulated SRG output voltage is obtained; While working as a wind SRG, the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is stably achieved using the perturb and observe (P&O) method.
Finally, a DC/DC boost interface converter is designed to establish a 400V micro-grid DC-link from the SRG. Good voltage regulation characteristics against the wind SRG output voltage variation and load change are accomplished by the well-designed current and voltage control schemes. The normal operations and performances of all the developed power stages are verified experimentally.

並列關鍵字

wind turbine emulator ； wind generator ； PMSM ； switched-reluctance generator ； boost converter ； three-phase SMR ； maximum power point tracking

參考文獻

REFERENCES

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