台灣新興能源產業發展之影響因素：以創新系統與科技指標之觀點

現今全球暖化與氣候變遷加劇，在資源有限的壓力之下，各國莫不積極發展綠色經濟，紛紛思考如何利用替代能源或新興能源來取代人類對於傳統能源的依賴，以因應能源需求的高度成長與日趨嚴重的環保議題。台灣自2008年頒布「永續能源政策綱領」以來，實施一連串的新能源政策與各項產業發展計畫，致力打造綠能低碳環境，逐步邁向非核家園。為了進一步了解目前台灣新興能源產業的整體發展狀況，本研究以創新系統中產業創新系統之產業創新技術觀點為起點，並參考我國能源科技中心近二年之能源計畫報告，運用其所建構的四個主要面向 ( 技術與生產、需求市場、政府政策、社會環境與福利 )來作為本研究問卷之架構，而問卷內容設計上則參考歐盟科技指標、各項創新調查與台灣永續能源發展指標，以「新興能源產業發展之利害關係人」為研究對象，研究範圍包括台北、新竹、台中與高雄等地，共發出440份問卷，有效問卷383份，有效回收率87.05%，以SPSS 18.0統計軟體進行資料分析與假說驗證。藉由初步迴歸分析，研究結果顯示台灣新興能源產業結構中 ( 生產面、需求面、政策面、社會環境面 ) 各有若干因素具有相互顯著影響，再透過二次迴歸分析後發現，具有相互顯著影響且影響程度較高因素有：生產面之創新與研發資源及合作關係、需求面之消費者與最終產品市場、政策面之產業與環境政策、社會環境面之生產環境與社會福利等，換言之，台灣的新興能源產業發展目前在上述層面較能明顯看出相互連結與牽動發展之影響效益。

關鍵字

新興能源產業；創新系統；科技指標；因素分析；迴歸分析

並列摘要

Today, with global warming and climate change, governments make a big effort to develop the green economic. To deal with the raising energy demand and serious environmental problems, people consider using green energy to replace traditional energy. Taiwan’s government declared “Sustainable Energy Policy” in 2008. Since then, the authorities implement a series of projects in developing green energy industry and try to make green environment to nuclear-free nation. To further understand the overall development of the green energy industry in Taiwan, this study took the industrial innovation technology point of view of sectoral innovation system as a starting point. Refering to 2011 and 2012’s energy project reports of Taiwan’s energy technology center, this study constructed four dimensions (Technology and production, Market demand, Government policies, and Environment and welfare) as the framework of the research questionnaire. For the questionnaire contents, it referred to the European Union on science and technology indicators, the innovation survey and the Sustainable Energy development Indicators in Taiwan. The stakeholders in Taiwan’s green industry are used as examples for this study. 440 questionnaires were distributed, including Taipei, Hsinchu, Taichung and Kaohsiung, and 383 valid questionnaires were retured with effective rate of 87.05%. The study used SPSS 18.0 statistical software for data analysis and hypothesis verification. Through innitial regression analysis, the results show that there are several factors with mutual significant impact in every dimension (Supply, Demand, Policy, and Environment dimension) of Taiwan’s green energy industry. After second regression analysis, the results show the mutual significant influence and higher impact factors are : innovation and R&D resources and cooperative relations in supply dimension, consumer values and end product market in demand dimension, the industry and environmental policy in policy dimension, the production environment and social welfare in environment dimension. In conclusion, the study shows that the above factors are much apparent and interconnected determinants of developing in Taiwan's green energy industry.

並列關鍵字

Green Energy Industry ； Innovation System ； Technology Indicators ； Factor Analysis ； Regression Analysis

參考文獻

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台灣新興能源產業發展之影響因素：以創新系統與科技指標之觀點

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