- 學位論文
生質柴油與柴油經燃燒後產生顆粒物質之化學性質測定
Chemical Characteristics of Particulate Emissions from Biodiesel and Diesel Combustion
摘要
近年來，很多車廠致力於尋找及研發新的替代能源，生質柴油是一個能永續發展的替代能源，但由於生質柴油或柴油排放出的尾氣，且到目前我們對這些尾氣在環境、人體健康方面造成的影響還不甚了解，本篇研究中，在德國慕尼黑科技大學，柴油引擎燃燒之後產生的顆粒物樣品被收集在濾紙上，分別採集了兩批樣品，第一批是7%的柴油排放尾氣樣品及純油菜花油燃燒顆粒物樣品，第二批全都是B7的柴油尾氣樣品；另外，新加坡大學所採集的棕梠油排放物顆粒樣品，從純的棕梠油(B100)，20%的混和比例(B20)，50%的比例(B50)，到純的柴油樣品，都分別進行不同的成分分析及相互比較，在我們研究中，我們透過不同分析技術得到的特性來定性和定量排放物的成分，到現在汽機車的排放物已經被證實對氣候變遷、人類健康都有顯著影響，因為排放顆粒物在空氣品質、輻射層面、化學平行及霧霾、雲霧的面向，都扮演重要角色，在都會地區，顆粒物被視為一種危險的汙染物，他們會造成呼吸道的疾病亦或過敏性疾病。
並列摘要
Recently, many leading car manufacturers have started to develop new types of vehicles based on alternative fuel technologies. Biodiesel fuels may be a good solution in the search for sustainable energy sources for the transportation sector. With the concerns for the environmental impacts becoming larger, emissions of airborne particulate matter (PM) from biodiesel and diesel oil combustion have recently gained more attention because of their close association with health problems and environmental impacts, while such effects are not fully understood yet. Particulate emissions of transport systems and their impact on the atmosphere are currently acknowledged to be the largest source of uncertainties in understanding the traffic impact on regional environment and global climate. The main reason is the significant role which combustion aerosol plays in air quality, radiative and chemical balance, and smog/fog/cloud formation. In urban areas transport-emitted particles are considered as a dangerous pollutant with respect to human health, especially in the regions of public transportation (near roads, airports and harbors). They may cause and enhance respiratory, cardiovascular, and allergic diseases. In this study, PM samples were collected in the exhaust of different diesel engines operated at the Technical University of Munich in Germany and at the National University of Singapore. Two types of fuel, B7 diesel and rapeseed oil biodiesel, were used in the German study, while the other set of samples obtained from Singapore consisted of PM emissions from different diesel/biodiesel blends, ranging from 0 to 100% biodiesel content. A variety of chemical species were identified and quantified in the PM samples by various analytical methods.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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