在智慧聯網中一個針對即時資料回報之省電排程演算法

An Energy-Efficient Scheduling Algorithm for Real-Time Data Reporting in Machine-to-Machine Communication Networks

陳怡貝(Yi-Bei Chen)

指導教授 ： 楊舜仁

國立清華大學/電機資訊學院/資訊工程學系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

機器間通訊 (Machine-to-Machine, M2M) 指的是機器在沒有人為介入的情況下彼此自動相互通訊，藉著這樣的訊息交換，來共同提供相關的M2M服務。關於機器間通訊之技術已有相當廣泛之應用，即時訊息回報 (Real-time data reporting) 對大多數應用而言是非常重要的需求，藉著M2M節點週期性的回報感測之訊息，後端M2M伺服器可以即時監控M2M節點端環境之變化並做出回應以提供相關服務。由於M2M節點通常只配備電池供應之電能，因此有效的節省M2M節點端之電能消耗是能否提供完整M2M服務之關鍵，然而，M2M節點配備了多種類型之感測器以感測不同種類之資料，並且會根據不同種類資料之回報周期定期回傳相關感測資訊，在缺乏適當排程機制來協調M2M節點端各種類型資料之傳送時間的情況下，隨著M2M節點要感測的資料種類增加，M2M節點必須在幾乎每一個時槽保持主動模式以傳送感測資料，進而導致大量之電能消耗。本篇論文中提出了一個針對即時資料回報之排程演算法，演算法的目的在於節省M2M節點端之電能消耗，我們首先將問題模組成一個電能最小化問題並證明此問題之複雜度，接著，針對此問題提出了我們的省電排程演算法，最後，在效能分析中，顯示我們的演算法可以有效的節省M2M節點端之電能消耗，並且保證感測訊息在傳送期限內送達以及資源的平均分配。

關鍵字

機器間通訊 ； 即時訊息回報 ； 省電效能

並列摘要

Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication technology has recently gained intense attention and been utilized in a variety of applications. Real-time data reporting is a basic requirement of most of the M2M applications. By the real-time data reported from the M2M nodes, the back-end M 2M server can perform remote monitoring and provide corresponding services. Since M2M nodes are usually with limited battery power supply, energy-saving for M2M nodes becomes a critical issue on supporting M2M communications. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient scheduling algorithm for real-time data reporting in the purpose of reducing the energy consumption of M2M nodes. We first model the energy-efficient problem into an optimization problem and prove the hardness of this problem. To address this problem, we propose our energy-efficient scheduling algorithm. Last, we measure the performance of our algorithm and show that our algorithm can effectively guarantee the fairness and data aborted rate while achieve energy efficiency.

並列關鍵字

machine-to-machine (M2M) ； real-time data reporting ； energy efficiency

參考文獻

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