具積體磁路之新型高升壓比直流轉換器

A Novel High Step-Up Voltage Ratio DC converter with Integrated Magnetic

劉格致(Liu, Ge Zhi)

指導教授 ： 潘晴財 ； 吳財福

國立清華大學/電機資訊學院/電機工程學系/碩士(2013年)

摘要

由於能源危機、全球氣候變遷及生態環境遭汙染等問題，世界各國均致力於推動再生能源如太陽光伏系統與潔淨能源如燃料電池。然而，由於燃料電池其低輸出電壓的特性與太陽電池其輸出電壓隨陽光減弱亦隨之降低的特性，因此此類應用往往需要一高升壓比直流轉換器。常見的高升壓比轉換器係運用電容堆疊的方式以提高電壓增益比，但如應用於需較高升壓比的場合時，以此方式將需較多的元件數並降低電路可靠度。基於上述理由，本論文提出一新型高升壓比直流轉換器，此轉換器僅需利用較少的元件數，即可達到相同或甚至更高之電壓增益比。
本論文的主要貢獻茲分述如下：首先，本文提出一新型交錯式高升壓比轉換器，該轉換器係巧妙地整合電容堆疊升壓原理及耦合電感式升壓原理兩者的優點，使其不僅具有高升壓比同時兼具低開關跨壓等特點。此外，本文將轉換器之兩相耦合電感整合成單一積體磁路以更進一步減少電路體積與重量。第二點貢獻則是推導出該轉換器所使用的積體磁路之等效電路模型以及推導此新型轉換器的數學模型，並進一步分析其穩態特性。第三點貢獻則依據理論分析的結果，實際製作一輸入電壓16V、輸出電壓400V以及輸出功率150W之雛型系統，以驗證新型轉換器的可行性。經由電路模擬與實測結果顯示本論文所研製之新型轉換器，確定可達到預期結果。該轉換器轉換效率於35W至150W的負載情況下均為92%以上，而負載在60W時效率可達到最高效率94.8%，而主動開關耐壓為40V，遠比傳統升壓型轉換器之400V或200V耐壓為低。

關鍵字

交錯式轉換器 ； 高升壓比 ； 積體磁路

並列摘要

Due to the energy crisis, global climate change and ruining of environment, a lot of countries around the world are committed to promoting renewable energy and clean energy developing. However, owning to the low output voltage characteristic of fuel cells and solar cells under low sun light, a high step-up converter is often required. In existing literature, capacitor voltage doublers are used to achieve high voltage gain. However, this kind of topology often leads to high cost and low reliability. Hence, the major motivation of this thesis is to propose a novel high step-up voltage ratio DC converter to overcome the above drawbacks. It is seen that fewer components can be used to achieve the same or even higher voltage gain.
Basically, the major contributions of this thesis may be summarized as follows. First, a novel interleaved high step-up converter which integrates the advantages of the voltage doublers and coupled-inductor sophisticatedly is proposed to achieve much higher voltage gain and less voltage stress of switches. In addition, the two sets of coupling inductors are further integrated magnetically to reduce the volume and weight. Secondly, an integrated magnetic equivalent circuit is derived. Furthermore, modeling and characteristic analysis of the novel converter are made in this thesis with details. Thirdly, a 150W rating prototype with 16V input and 400V output is constructed for verifying the feasibility of the prototype converter. The resulting efficiency can be maintained above 92% as the load is varied from 35W to 150W, and the highest efficiency of 94.8% is achieved at 60W. The voltage stress of active switches is 40V which is much lower than conventional topology.

並列關鍵字

Interleaved Converter ； High Step-Up Ratio ； Integrated Magnetics

參考文獻

[19] 鄭景翔，“新隔離型多相高升壓比直流轉換器” 國立清華大學碩士論文，中華民國一百零一年七月。

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