影響我國生技新藥產業經營績效因素之研究

The research on the factors affecting operating performance in Taiwan biopharmaceutical industry

崔聖如(Sheng-Ju Tsui)

指導教授 ： 胡美智 ； 孫智麗

國立清華大學/科技管理學院/科技管理研究所/碩士(2014年)

https://doi.org/10.6843/NTHU.2014.00448

摘要

生物科技產業被視為二十世紀最有發展潛力的產業之一，我國自1980 年代
起逐漸重視生物技術，陸續通過生物技術產業推動方案、十大新興工業、兩兆雙
星計劃等國家發展計劃，積極推動研發能量。我國將生物科技產業分為製藥產業、
醫療器材產業及新興生技產業三大領域，其中生技醫藥運用基因工程或重組蛋白
等技術，解決人類健康與疾病等相關問題，為生技領域中非常重要的一環。

生技新藥產業價值鏈很長，從基礎研究到開發核准上市，至少需十年以上的
時間，平均開發出一個新藥需三億到六億美元左右，但若是成功研發新藥上市，
將會帶來十倍以上的報酬。我國目前生技新藥公司的規模都不大，在有限的資源
下，企業進行研發投入，並透過外部合作網絡互補所需資源和技術，對經營績效
是否產生正面影響是本研究欲探討之問題。此外，政府為了鼓勵企業投入研發活
動，採取許多研發補助計劃，以直接補助經費的方式，希望能促進企業研發投入、
降低研發風險、提升創新績效。因此，本研究也欲探討政府研發補助是否對生技
新藥公司經營績效有正面的影響。

本研究根據研究背景和文獻探討提出五項假設，針對台灣生技新藥廠商為研
究對象，採用台灣經濟研究院於民國96 年至100 年間發放之回卷，作為實證分
析之主要資料，總計有16 家生技新藥廠商回卷，共33 份樣本數。研究結果發現
研發費用投入對經營績效為負向影響，研發人員投入對經營績效並無顯著效果。
然而，外部合作網絡和政府研發補助皆對廠商經營績效有正向顯著之影響，並且
當以外部合作網絡和政府研發補助為干擾變數時，研發投入對經營績效產生正向
顯著影響，顯示此二項干擾變數，除了與經營績效有正向關係之外，也對研發投
入對績效之影響有正向干擾效果。

生技新藥產業目前仍屬於發展中之產業，尚未建立起一定規模和模式，且國
內針對生技新藥產業之研究甚少。本研究針對目前產業現況進行分析，試圖推論
研發投入、外部合作網絡、政府研發補助和經營績效之關聯，根據研究結果提出
管理意涵，期望藉由本研究之結果，提供臺灣生技新藥公司經營管理和未來學術
研究之參考。

關鍵字

生技新藥產業 ； 經營績效 ； 外部網絡 ； 政府研發補助

並列摘要

The biotech industry is regarded as one of the most potential industries in the 20th century. The demand for the biotech technology increases as numerous countries support biology research to find cures for human diseases and improve people’s lives. Genetic engineering, recombinant protein and DNA techniques have been used to early disease detection, target treatment and disease prevention. The biopharmaceutical industry value chain is showing a long period from basic research to the market, and producing a new drug needs at least a decade and invests about three to six hundred million US dollars. Even though the high risk and uncertain, a successful product could bring ten times reward.

Most of the biopharmaceutical companies in Taiwan are small-to-medium sized in capital and still in the research and development stage. In order to improve the research capabilities, knowledge exchange and technology upgrade, it's a tendency for Taiwan’s companies to develop strategic alliances with external organizations. The external cooperation networks whether have positive impact on the firm performance is one of the issues this study try to investigate. In addition, government implements various research subsidies in order to encourage firms to invest in R&D. The research also attempts to study the effects on the performance of the firms while acquiring the government research subsidies.

The study adopts the questionnaires of Taiwan’s biopharmaceutical companies from the Taiwan Institute of Economic Research, and the data includes 16 firms, 33 sets of questionnaire from 2007-2011. The results show that the R&D expense has negative impact on the operating performance and R&D faculty input has no relationship with the firm performance. However, the external cooperation networks and government R&D subsidies all have positive effect on the firm performance. Besides, while conducting external cooperation networks and government R&D subsidies as moderators, the R&D input has a significantly positive impact on the performance. From the results, the study concludes that the external networks and government subsidies can help to increase and complement the internal resources and improve operating performance of Taiwan’s biopharmaceutical companies.

Biopharmaceuticals industry is still on the process of the development, and has not yet established a large-scaled environment. The domestic research for the biopharmaceuticals industry in Taiwan is very rare and scarce. This study attempts to investigate the relationship between R&D investment, external cooperation networks, government R&D subsidies and the operating performance. The results provide the management implications for the biopharmaceuticals companies and also academic suggestions for the follow-up researches in the future.

並列關鍵字

biopharmaceuticals industry ； operating performance ； external cooperation networks ； government R&D subsidies

參考文獻

林淑雯. (2010). 地區環境、網絡與廠商研發投入-台灣製造業的實證分析. Journal of Planning, 36, 1-22.

黃國綱、鄭秀玲. (2005). 政府資助的產業創新活動:以工研院科專計畫為例. 人文及社會科學集刊.

劉正田. (2001). 研發支出資本化之會計基礎股票評價. 會計評論, 33(1).

謝佳珍. (2006). 研發支出對公司績效反應之效率性研究─以美國生物科技產業為例. 元智大學會計學系碩士論文.

Aerts, K., Czarnitzki, D. (2004). Using Innovation Survey Data to Evaluate R&D Policy: The Case of Belguim. ZEW DIscussion Paper, 04-55.