代理代課教師是否影響國、高中學生學習表現?

Do Substitute Teachers Affect Junior and/or High School Students' Academic Performance?

曾雅雯(Ya-Wen Tseng)

指導教授 ： 林世昌

國立清華大學/科技管理學院/經濟學系/碩士(2014年)

摘要

近年來台灣代理代課教師比例的大幅增長，意味著越來越多學生的科任教師由代理代課教師擔任。由於各界廣泛相信代理代課教師對學生學習有負面影響，因此開始關注代理代課教師產生的議題。然而國內外文獻上針對此議題系統性的量化分析相對不足，因此本文運用『台灣教育長期追蹤資料庫』 中調查的 1988/ 1989 年出生世代之國高中資料，藉由迴歸分析來檢視國、高中主要科目任課教師為代理代課教師是否對學生成績造成顯著影響。

本文實證結果顯示代理代課教師對學生學業成績的影響在國中時期程度較大，
且多為顯著負面影響，其中:1)國中樣本中，數學、國文、英文任課老師為代理代課教師對學生學業成績的影響為顯著的負面影響。2)高中樣本中數學代理代課教師影響方向與幅度較不一致，但在老師變數只考慮是否為代理代課時，數學任課老師為代理代課老師會使學生學業成績較差；國文代理代課老師對學生成績亦為負向顯著，而英文科則沒有明顯的影響。3)比較國中與高中樣本，發現數學與英文科任教老師為代理代課教師致使對學生成績的負向影響在國中時較嚴重，國文科則是在高中時期影響較大。4)追蹤樣本結果顯示國中英文與國文代理代課教師對學生的影響不僅影響學生國中時的綜合成績，亦可能會將此負面效果延續到高中時期。

基於本文的實證結果，對政府教育政策的建議為:1)首先處理國中教育階段代理代課教師的問題；2)其次可將英文與數學科的代理代課教師列為優先考量；3)由於代理代課教師參加進修研習或具有碩士學歷對學生學習大多為正向顯著，而若代理代課老師同時兼任行政職則有負向影響，因此在聘僱代理代課教師時建議能優先聘僱具有碩士學歷的老師、鼓勵參與進修研習，並盡量避免兼任行政職。

關鍵字

代理代課教師 ； 台灣教育長期追蹤資料庫 ； 國/高中 ； 學習表現

並列摘要

Recently, the ratio of substitute teachers has been increasing substantially in Taiwan, indicating that more and more students have more chances to be taught by substitute teachers. However, there does not exist a systematic research evaluating the learning performance of students if they have ever taught by substitute teachers. In view of this, this project takes advantage of the Taiwan Education Panel Survey (TEPS) data set to empirically evaluate whether the test score differentials between students with formal and substitute teachers are substantial across subjects and grades.

The empirical results indicate that the impact of substitute teachers on junior high school students' academic performance is greater than senior high school students, and the effect is usually significantly negative. Moreover, in comparison with junior and senior high school samples, we also find in mathematics and English subjects, the negative impact of substitute teachers on students' academic performance is larger for junior high students. On the contrary, the senior high school students tend to perform badly if they were taught by substitute teachers in Chinese subject. Finally, our findings based on tracking sample indicate that the negative impact of junior high school substitute teachers on language learning, including English and Chinese, would be extended to the stage of senior high school.

This paper provides a sound basis for policy-makers in Taiwan's government. First, we suggest the government should focus on the problem of substitute teachers in junior high school education stage. Second, the government should consider the effect of English and mathematics substitute teachers on students' performance as a first priority. Thirdly, when hiring substitute teachers, the government should recruit teachers who have master's degrees. Lastly, by encouraging substitute teachers to take part in course-teaching programs and keeping them from doing some part-time administrative job will be of great benefit to the junior or senior high school students' learning.

並列關鍵字

substitute teachers ； TEPS ； Junior and/or High School ； academic performance

參考文獻

1.王百合與游美惠 (2003), 教育界的勞動後備軍 -- 已婚女性代課教師之初探性研究, 《教育研究集刊》, 49(4), 61--92。

2.邱明昌 (1989), 國小代課教師問題的探討, 《師友月刊》, 260, 24-26。

4.吳慧瑛 (2007) , 家庭背景與教育成就: 五個出生世代的比較分析, 《人口學刊》, 34, 109-143。doi:10.6191/jps.2007.4。

10.莊奕琦與賴偉文 (2008), 影響教育成就的因素及九年國民義務教育政策效果評估: 台灣實證, 《人文及社會科學集刊》,21(1), 25-65。

20.張民杰 (2012), 過渡的日子 - 代理教師生涯發展困擾之分析權, 《臺中教育大學學報：教育類》, 26(2), 1-24。