- 學位論文
新聞華語教材主題研究
A Research of Mandarin News Theme in Teaching Material
摘要
華語教學從一般語言進入更專業的領域分化，不同領域的專業華語教材開始因應而生，因為新聞的內容包羅萬象，不僅包含各專業領域的相關知識，還能根據不同媒介進行不同的語言技能訓練，並得到最新的消息，也能學習文化，所以新聞常被運用在華語課程中，新聞華語課程繁多，但反觀新聞教材多使用相同的固定教材或是自編教材，教材年代久遠，內容不符現況，而自編教材，因無新聞華語課程大綱，也無任何選材標準，課程設計時較無系統，對於教師而言，準備新聞課程和教材相當耗時，對於學習者來說，教材也可能出現主題不夠廣泛的問題。 本研究以內容分析法及比較研究法為主，比較台灣與大陸新聞教材，在內容編排上差異不大，但是在內容主題選擇、新聞類別、單元編排順序的方式上差異很大。再以歐洲共同語文參考架構(The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages：“Learning, Teaching, Assessment，簡稱CEFR)中的主題(theme)來檢視台灣與大陸新聞華語教材。CEFR中的十四個主題當中，歸納出新聞華語有十三個主題，並從主題中可再區分為一般華語和新聞華語的次主題及特點，最後依據研究結果安排新聞華語課程及示範選擇教材。 透過本研究，對於新聞華語教材、專業華語、學習者和教師各有貢獻，了解到兩岸教材不同的編寫特點，並提供未來課程規劃和教材的設計參考。利用CEFR建立新聞華語教材的選材標準，預期擴大至其他專業華語，有效填補專業華語的研究缺口。本研究新聞華語的課程設計，讓學習者對在短時間內接觸到不同主題的新聞，本研究所提供的主題，讓教師在課程設計和選擇教材時可以有所依據的，減少課程準備時間，並能增加新聞材料的系統性，也可以參考課程設計範例來制定教學目標及教案設計。
並列摘要
The field of TCSL(Teaching Chinese as a Second Language) is from General Chinese into Chinese for Specific Purposes(CSP), the teaching materials of CSP is getting more popular. News from CSP not only contains the professional knowledge of different fields, but also can practice language skills according to different media, the news provides the latest information and culture, so it is often used in Chinese courses. Chinese news courses are many but the teaching materials are not so sufficient, therefore the fixed teaching materials are too old to match the current situation. Because there is no Mandarin news syllabus or selection criteria, teachers' own teaching materials might become unsystematic. For teachers, preparing curriculum and teaching materials is quite time-consuming, but for learners, the topics might still appear not enough. This research is based on the method of the Content analysis and comparative research. After comparing the teaching materials in Taiwan and China, the content layout is similar, but the theme, category, unit programmed sequence are greatly different. To analyze Taiwan and China news teaching material with the theme of CEFR(The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages：“Learning, Teaching, Assessment),there are 14 themes in CEFR, and it summarized Chinese news to 13 themes, and 13 themes can be further divided into general Chinese and Chinese news, each theme contains sub-themes and characteristics. According to the final result, the curriculum includes news courses and demonstration of Chinese material selection. Through this research, there are some contribution for Mandarin news teaching material, CSP, learners and teachers. Learning the difference of characteristics of teaching materials between Taiwan and China provides knowledge of future curriculum planning and material design. Use of CEFR established Chinese news material selection criteria, it is expected to expand other field of CSP effectively to fill the research gap. This design of Chinese news curriculum allows learners to reach the most themes in a short time, the themes of this research can be the criteria in designing curriculum and selecting materials to reduce the course preparation time and increase the systematic. Also the examples of Chinese news curriculum can be a reference for curriculum design paradigms and teaching plans.