高階管理團隊CEO國際化程度對企業績效之影響-以台灣上市半導體產業為例

隨著時代的變遷，科技的進步，我國已從過去傳統製造業朝向高科技業快速發展，台灣半導體產業猶如國家的經濟象徵，不僅帶領台灣轉型發展高科技產業，也締造台灣經濟繁榮，在全球擁有舉足輕重的地位。在全球化的趨勢下，半導體科技廠商面對技術生命週期縮短，以及來自於全球市場的激烈競爭，國際化發展趨勢愈加明顯而快速；加上中國在政策支持、資本密集的優勢下，產值已急起直追，逐漸與台灣形成競爭的態勢。企業經營績效是指一定經營期間的企業經營效益和經營者業績，CEO 在企業中扮演重要角色，為企業的經營核心，影響公司重要政策的制定，CEO本身如果能有效處理複雜的國際營運事務，將會是企業致勝的關鍵。本研究旨在探討台灣半導體產業上市公司CEO的國際化經驗，是否能為企業帶來全面性的競爭優勢，也能為企業未來帶來更好的發展與績效表現。本研究以2013年至2016年台灣上市半導體企業之CEO為研究對象，探討CEO國際化經驗對企業績效的影響。以台灣經濟新報資料庫(TEJ)資料庫為主並輔以次級資料，收集企業績效及CEO學經歷資料。分別以T檢定與ANOVA檢定進行實證分析，研究結果發現，以CEO國際化經驗2分法對企業績效之影響分析，ROA(A)稅後息前、ROA－綜合損益及稅前淨利率有顯著差異。更進一步採用CEO國際化經驗4分法對企業績效之影響分析，部分績效指標顯示CEO無國際化經驗者優於CEO僅有國際化學歷者及CEO既有國際化學歷亦有國際化經歷者；亦有部分績效指標顯示CEO僅有國際化經歷優於CEO僅有國際化學歷者，亦優於CEO既有國際化學歷亦有國際化經歷者。

關鍵字

CEO ；國際化經驗；企業績效； T檢定；單因子變異數檢定

並列摘要

With the changes of the times and the advancement of science and technology, Our country has developed rapidly from the traditional manufacturing industry to the high-tech industry. The Taiwan semiconductor industry is like the national economic symbol. It not only leads Taiwan to transform and develop high-tech industries, but also to create Taiwan's economic prosperity. Have a pivotal position in global level. Under the trend of globalization, semiconductor technology manufacturers face a shortened technology life cycle and fierce competition from the global market. The trend of internationalization is becoming more and more obvious and fast. With China's policy support and capital-intensive advantages, the output value is being catch up and gradually form a competitive situation with Taiwan. Business performance refers to the business operation efficiency and operator performance during a certain period of operation. The CEO plays an important role in the enterprise, which is the core of the company's operation and affects the formulation of important policies of the company. If the CEO can effectively handle complex international operations, will be the key to success for the company. The purpose of this study is to explore the international experience of the CEO of Taiwan's semiconductor industry listed companies, whether it can bring comprehensive competitive advantages to the enterprise, and also bring better development and performance to the future of the enterprise. This study takes the CEO of Taiwan-listed semiconductor companies from 2013 to 2016 as the research object to explore the impact of CEO internationalization experience on corporate performance. The Taiwan Economic New Report Database (TEJ) database is supplemented with secondary data to collect corporate performance and CEO experience data. The empirical analysis was carried out by T-test and ANOVA test respectively. The results of the study found that the impact of CEO internationalization experience 2 points on firm performance, ROA (A) pre-tax interest, ROA-integrated profit and loss and pre-tax net interest rate were significantly difference. Further use the CEO internationalization experience 4 points method to analyze the impact of corporate performance, some performance indicators show that the CEO has no international experience, better than the CEO only international academic achievement and CEO have both international academic achievement and international experience. There are also some performance indicators that show that CEOs only have better international experience than CEOs who only have international academic achievement, and are better than CEOs who have both international academic achievement and international experience.