回收費用與防腐劑包裝廢棄回收補貼費用之價值鏈最佳化

印尼的擴大生產者責任已經載入2012年第8號法，但這一制度尚未實施，因為有些利益攸關方不同意支付資金的數額，基本支付資金數以及付款期限。此外，管理募集資金的支付系統或機構尚未建立。儘管有很多限制，EPR已經開始由一些公司直接實施。有一些研究提供EPR用以減少新產品的消費，並鼓勵回收和處置生命週期（EOL）產品以及一些提供執行擴大生產者責任的方法，而一些研究使用系統動態模型通過提高回收率提高產品的物料效率。這項研究提供了一個動態系統模擬，以顯示涉及廢棄物管理系統的實體之間的關係，期望將解決在印尼實施EPR的問題。由於該地區流通的產品，West Java製品無菌紙包裝廢棄物的管理被用作案例研究使用Vensim PLE x32對系統進行模擬，將提供受所有綜合動態實體影響的結果，使與EPR應用相關的決策更加精確，準確與可持續。我們發現，通過提出與EPR資金相關的一些情況，回收商的能力可以成為公司要支付的EPR資金數量的參考，另一方面可以授權清道夫或收藏家，使三回底線（TBL）概念可以實現。最終，將會產生滿足利益相關者期望的“雙贏”解決方案，其中利率（收費率和回收利率）將在EPR基金減少時增加。

關鍵字

擴大生產者責任；系統動態； EPR基金；收集率；回收率

並列摘要

Extended Producer Responsibility in Indonesia has been contained in Law No. 8 of 2012, however this system has not been implemented, because some stakeholders disagree with the amount of funds to be paid, the basis for determining the amount of funds to be paid, and the duration of the payment. In addition, the payment system or institution that manages the collected funds has not yet been established. Despite many constraints, EPR has begun to be implemented directly by some companies. There are some studies that provide EPR as curtailing the consumption of new products and encouraging recycling and disposal of end-of-life (EOL) products , and some provide approaches to the implementation of Extended Producer Responsibility, while some studies using system dynamics model to promote material efficiency in products through increased recycling rates. This study provides a dynamic system simulation to show the relationship between the entities involved in waste management system and is expected to address the problems occurring in the implementation of EPR in Indonesia. The management of aseptic paper packaging waste for dairy products in West Java, was used as a case study due to the number of these products circulating in the region. Simulation of the system using Vensim PLE x32, will provide results influenced by all the-integrated-and-dynamic entities, so that decision-making related to the application of EPR can be more precise, well-planned and sustainable. We found that , by proposing some scenarios related to EPR funds, the capacity of the recycler could become the reference of the amount of EPR funds to be paid by the company, on the other hand the scavengers or collectors can be empowered so that the triple bottom line (TBL) concept can be achieved. In the end, “win-win” solutions to meet the stakeholders expectations will be generated, where the rates (Collecting Rate and Recycling Rate) will increase while EPR Fund will decrease.

並列關鍵字

Extended Producer Responsibility ； System Dynamics ； EPR Fund ； Collecting Rate ； Recycling Rate

參考文獻

Allwood, J. M. (2011). Material Efficiency - A Whitepaper Resources. Journal of Conservation and Recycling, 55, 362–381.

Brouillat. (2012). Extended producer responsibility instruments and innovation in eco-design: An exploration through a simulation model. Ecological Economics, 83, 236-245. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2012.07.007

Chihhao, & Fan. (2016). Modeling computer recycling in Taiwan using system dynamics. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2016.09.006

Disa, A. (2012). How Extended Producer Responsibility Can Boost Recycling Rates? Retrieved from http://www.triplepundit.com/2012/09/extended-producer-responsibility/

Franklin, P. (1997). Extended Producer Responsibility - a Primer. Container Recycling Institute.

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回收費用與防腐劑包裝廢棄回收補貼費用之價值鏈最佳化

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