考量多品質特性與不同績效人員與人數配置下探討生產系統檢驗站設置

近年來，消費型態不斷改變，產品生命週期越來越短，使得生產製程需配合新產品的推出不斷更新，加上勞動力成本不斷上升，如果沒有良善的規劃，可能會造成製造成本上升與產品品質下降之情形，進而使得企業在市場上的競爭力下降。本研究以A鞋廠為例，因製鞋廠為一勞力密集之產業，在製品是以輸送帶方式輔助生產，且需僱用大量作業員進行在製品加工，但大量的作業人力不但會使得企業付出更多的人工成本，且因工作指派不佳而造成生產線失去平衡。此外在生產系統中，企業必須兼顧品質與績效，並在有限的資源下做出最佳的資源配置；提高生產力並且可以降低生產成本，也是一值得探討的重要課題。本研究主要探討配置不同等級程度人員與人數於工作站及檢驗站，在多品質特性下的序列式生產系統設置檢驗策略。本研究透過生產系統建立一利潤之數學模式，模式中考量型I及型II檢驗誤差，不良品處理方式有修理、報廢等方式，尋求工作站與檢驗站不同績效等級人員和人數配置與檢驗站設置之最佳策略。由於範例的問題較大，分段窮舉的運算時間會較長，因此本研究在求解方法上將利用啟發式演算法和基因演算法求解求得最佳人員配置及品質特性檢驗策略，分析求解方法生產系統之相關問題。研究結果顯示：生產人員減少3.45%、檢驗人員也減少20%、總利潤提升18.85%。

關鍵字

序列式生產系統；多品質特性；等級人員與人數；啟發式演算法；基因演算法

並列摘要

In recent years, the continuously changing of purchasing style and much shorter product life cycle have forced the manufacturer to keep improving the production process in order to catch up the new product. In this study we used “A factory” as an example of labor-intensive industries, regarding to problems such as huge costs on labors, line balancing and working assignment. Therefore, the above problems are the keys to enterprises profiting. In addition, one of the critical issues for enterprises to think about is how to allocate inspections regarding both quality and performance with limited resources. Furthermore, working assignment is another issue, since it relates to quality and cost. This study explored how to place different performance/ amount of worker and inspection under serial production system with multi-characteristics. We develop a profit based mathematical model, in which we consider type I and II inspection errors, repair, and scrap non-conforming treatments. Due to the larger problem of Paradigm, segment exhaustive computation time will be longer, so this study will use heuristics algorithm and genetic algorithm in the model, we found the best inspection allocation and the best worker allocation under maximum profit. The results show: the production staff reduced 3.45%, inspector reduced 20%, the total profit increased 18.85%. Keywords: Serial Production System, Multi-characteristics, Performance and Number of Workers, Heuristics Algorithm, Genetic Algorithm

並列關鍵字

Serial Production System ； Multi-characteristics ； Performance and Number of Workers ； Heuristics Algorithm ； Genetic Algorithm

參考文獻

1.Agpak, K., and Gokcen, H., 2005 “Assembly Line Balancing: Two resource constrained cases,” International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 96, pp. 129-140.

2.Azadeh, A., Sangari, M. S., and Amiri, A. S., 2012 “A particle swarm algorithm for inspection optimization in serial multi-stage processes,” Applied Mathematical Modelling, Vol. 36, pp. 1455-1464.

3.Bai, D. S., and Yun, J. H., 1996 “Optimal allocation of inspection effort in a serial multi-stage production,” Computers and Industrial Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 387-396.

4.Ballou, D. P., and Pazer, H. L., 1982 “The Impact of Inspector Fallibility on the Inspection Policy in Serial Production Systems” Management Science, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp. 387-399.

5.Barad, M., 1990 “A Break-Even Quality Level Approach to Location of Inspection Station in a Multi-Stage Production Process,” International Journal of Production Research, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 29-45.

國際替代計量

考量多品質特性與不同績效人員與人數配置下探討生產系統檢驗站設置

全文下載

主題瀏覽