都市人本街道轉型過程中之社會性議題研究—以桃園市中壢區為例

街道在一個城市的角色和功能為何？對於城市生活的影響有多深遠？街道除了交通運輸的功能外，也是都市主要的公共空間，更是社會活動與經濟行為的主要場域。台灣城市20多年來推動人本街道的政策，一再出現立意良善的改造計畫遭受民眾阻礙的現象，造成城市環境品質難以提昇的困境，這個糾結的困境需要被深入的探討與理解。本研究從城市街道多個面向的社會性議題切入探討。本文從台灣街道形成之都市規劃理論出發，從文化與哲學的角度探討人本與人本街道的理論，以及空間倫理及永續發展的關係，彙整與街道相關的經濟社會理論及交通發展文獻，進一步解析優良案例及其推動之經驗，從推動成果及其制度面回應與社會經濟間的關係。實證研究之部分，本文以中壢城市之演變為探討，並分別以中壢歷史城區之老街區，與新興重劃之海華特區做為案例，分析歷史街區與新興重劃區，在推動人本街道改善時分別遇到的問題與困境。老街區街道在多次拓寬和路線更動之下，沿街面產生複雜的街道界面、地權界面與建築介面的重疊與衝突，衍伸複雜的權益糾葛。海華特區雖然沒有介面界面的複雜矛盾，但新興重劃區在以道路取代街道的體系背景下，產生公有道路與私人社區人行空間難以銜接的困境。這些都形成人本街道政策推動困境中之社會性背景。本研究將街道空間當作一個完整的知識主題，從社會經濟、歷史文化與規劃體系上做整合性的探討。結論提出四點台灣當前人本街道轉化的理念與原則：（一）在觀念上必須改變對街道的認知及處理方式；（二）在知識上必須將街道整合成一種普遍而可以落實的完整專業；（三）在執行面上應該了解人本街道的落實是一個持續性而非一次性的工程；（四）在落地推動人本街道的作為必須能因地制宜。

關鍵字

都市；人本街道；社會性；中壢；街道演變；老街區；重劃街區

並列摘要

What are the roles and functions of streets in a city? How deep have streets influence our city life daily? Beside the function of transport, the streets are also the major public space of the city. Furthermore, streets are the main stages for social activities and economic performances. The policy of People-oriented Street has been promoting in Taiwan's cities for more than 20 years. Those well-developed proposals are frequently impeded by the public and resulted difficulties in urban environmental improvement. It is urgent to deeply explore and understand this tangled situation. This research explored social issues from several dimensions related to urban streets. This research approached from urban planning theories in the transformation of Taiwan's streets. It covers cultural and philosophic aspects to discuss the meaning of People-Orientated and the concept of People-Orientated Street. The relationship with environmental ethics and sustainable development are also included. The socioeconomic theories and traffic development literatures that related to streets issues are also systematically reviewed. Furthermore, to evaluate the correspondence between the outcomes and institutional responses and socioeconomic relationship in good practice projects, the selected examples and successful implementations are analysed. The empirical research explores the transformation of the city of Chung-Li. The historical city centre area and a newly developed area are discussed separately. Due to the several expansions and modifications in those traditional streets, the street edges have become complicated by overlapping building interfaces, land properties and street boundaries. In the newly developed urban area, the difficulties occur from the connection of public and private spheres. This study considers ‘Street’ as a complete knowledge subject by integrating the dimensions of socio-economic, historical, cultural; and planning institutional aspects. This research concludes four major concepts and principles for the transformation of current Taiwan's People-Oriented streets. They are:(1) Conceptually to change the understanding and approaches for streets; (2) Knowledge aspect, to regard ‘street’ as a general and completed profession that can be implemented; (3) the implementation of the People-Oriented streets is a continuous process, but not a one-time project; and (4) to adapt the local conditions in the People-Oriented Street promoting projects.