生物感測器訊號處理之關鍵積體電路方塊設計

Design of Key Integrated Circuit Blocks for Biosensor Signal Processing

王勇順(Yuan-Soon Wang)

指導教授 ： 鍾文耀

中原大學/工學院/電子工程研究所/碩士(2002年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200200140

摘要

本篇論文的主要目的在於研究生物感測器訊號處理之關鍵積體電路方塊設計及實現，整個設計流程從了解原理、電路設計及模擬、實體佈局及晶片量測結果，在本論文中均有詳述。
論文中所設計的電路方塊包含以軌對軌為架構之互補式金氧半運算放大器、儀表放大器、十位元連續近似類比至數位轉換器以及介紹在晶片佈局時所使用的類比及數位輸入/輸出基墊元件。本研究所設計之軌對軌運算放大器之特性量測，操作於5V時，開迴路增益可達92 dB，增益頻寬積達到2.17MHz，偏移電壓約在5.7mV，共模電壓輸入範圍與電壓輸出擺幅約可達到正電源與負電源的範圍。
本論文亦使用所設計之軌對軌運算放大器積體電路來進行生醫感測器訊號讀出。在氫離子感測訊號讀取，其可結合離子場效電晶體與參考電路形成一恆壓恆流電路進行離子酸鹼度感測。另外，此軌對軌運算放大器可建構儀表放大器組態，利用一個Ag/AgCl參考電極以及酵素延伸閘場效電晶體來進行尿素濃度的量測。實驗結果顯示本研究設計之軌對軌放大器感測系統在pH2至pH12之氫離子酸鹼度，以及在0.3至40mg/dl範圍之尿素濃度呈現可接受的線性反應，證明此電路具有實用之生醫感測潛力。
本論文所有的積體電路晶片實現是採用聯華積體電路製造公司(UMC) 0.5μm CMOS DPDM的製程技術製作完成。

關鍵字

生物感測器 ； 運算放大器 ； 儀表放大器 ； 軌對軌 ； 連續近似類比至數位轉換器 ； 輸入/輸出基墊元件 ； 離子場效電晶體 ； 恆壓恆流 ； 酵素延伸閘場效電晶體 ； 尿素.

並列摘要

The objective of this thesis is to study and design of key integrated circuit blocks for biosensor processing. All of the design concerns such as circuit theory, circuit design and simulation, physical layout and chip measurement results are included in this research.
The circuit blocks in this thesis include a low voltage CMOS rail-to-rail operational amplifier and its application to the instrumentation amplifier, a 10 bits successive approximation A/D converter and the analog and digital Input/Output (I/O) cells for whole chip layout consideration. With a 5V power supply, the rail-to rail operational amplifier presents a DC gain of 92dB, unit-gain bandwidth of 2.17MHz, offset voltage of 5.7mV and rail-to-rail common-mode input voltage range and voltage output swing.
This thesis also presents biosensor signal sensing applications based on the proposed rail-to-rail amplifiers. The constant-current and constant voltage circuit built by the rail-to-rail amplifier can perform the H+ sensing with the ion-sensitive field-effect transistor. Further, the system includes an Ag/AgCl reference electrode, an enzyme, extended gate field-effect transistor and the instrumentation amplifier built by the developed amplifier for urea monitoring has been performed with 5V power supply. Experiment results show that the rail-to-rail amplifier based system has an acceptable sensing linearity of the pH value between 2 to 12 and various urea concentrations in the range of 0.3 to 40mg/dl.
All of key integrated circuit blocks for biosensor processing are fabricated with a 0.5μm double-poly double-metal UMC CMOS technology.

並列關鍵字

Input/Output PAD ； instrumentation amplifier ； rail-to-rail ； operational amplifier ； constant-current and constant voltage ； biosensor ； successive approximation A/D converter ； ion-sensitive field-effect transistor ； extended gate field-effect transistor ； urea.

參考文獻

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