運用押出技術製備聚苯乙烯/蒙脫土 奈米複合材料之研究

Preparation of Poly-Styrene/Clay Nanocomposites by Extruder

莊智清(Chih-Ching Chuang)

指導教授 ： 江彰吉

中原大學/理學院/化學研究所/碩士(2003年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200300113

摘要

採用總體聚合法，在已膨潤之蒙脫土層間開始進行自由基聚合反應，使單體能進入蒙脫土層間進行聚合。
　　配合同向式雙螺桿押出機，將前述成品與工業級聚苯乙烯作熔融混鍊，運用押出機所提供之高剪切力及高分子鏈間的糾結力量，在混鍊的過程中，藉由分子鏈與分子鏈之間的糾結流動，將黏土的層間距離拉開，以求達到奈米級分散之效果，並有效改善現行使用之工業級聚苯乙烯物性。
　　將上述成品作結構、熱性質及各項物性之測試，並與原工業級聚苯乙烯之數據相比對：
(1) 運用GPC測量總體聚合法成品之分子量，比對黏土的添加比例對分子量的所造成影響。
(2) Xrd分析蒙脫土層間距離的變化。
(3) DSC測量Tg之昇降。
(4) TGA測量Td之昇降。
(5) 衝擊強度測試機量測耐衝擊強度之變化。
(6) 萬能試驗機比對拉伸強度、延伸率及斷裂強度的改變
(7) 針對最終之成品，運用洛氏硬度測試法比較與原先工業級聚苯乙烯之硬度差別。
　　依據上述測試數據，分析蒙脫土添加比例及不同實驗流程對工業級聚苯乙烯物性的影響，瞭解押出技術在製備聚苯乙烯/蒙脫土奈米複合材料的過程中，對成品各項性質的改變程度。

關鍵字

聚苯乙烯 ； 押出 ； 奈米複合材料

並列摘要

Apply bulk polymerization to make the free radical polymerization reaction between clay’s layer. Therefore, the molecule chain can be combined with clay layer.
We use twin screw extruder to melt the above products and poly-styrene (Industrial use), in order to draw on the high pressure of extruder and to band together the molecule chain of poly-styrene, we hope to dismantle the distance of clay layer during melting processing and reach the highest dispersedness performance of nano-meter, so that we can improve the character of poly-styrene.
By using GPC to measure the molecular weight of products which is produced under bulk polymerization. To compare the affection of molecular weight by added ratio of clay.
Finally, to test the finish product for further result:
(1) GPC measure molecular weight.
(2) Analysis the distance changing between clay layer by Xrd.
(3) TGA measure Td value.
(4) DSC measure Tg value.
(5) Find out the variation for impact strength.
(6) Check the change of expanding strength, percentage elongation, breaking strength,
(7) Using “Rockwell hardness “ to compare the difference between finish product and poly-styrene,
According to above data, we can analysis the affects to poly-styrene under different clay added ratio and different testing processing, meanwhile, we can compare the variation whether we use “free radical polymerization “ or not during producing processing of nano-meter materials by using twin screw extruder equipment.

並列關鍵字

extrude ； polystyrene ； nanocomposite

參考文獻

(25) 吳愷之、王曄；改質聚丙烯與有機黏土奈米複材之熔融混煉；東海大學化工所

(12) ASTM D785-93；Standard Test Method for Rockwell Hardness of Plastics and Electrical Insulating Material

(13) Limin Liu,Zongneng Qi,Xiaoguang Zhu；Studies on Nylon 6/clay Nanocomposites by Melt-Intercalation Process；State Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastic, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080,People’s Republic of China

(14) Jin Zhu, Alexander B. Morgan, Frank J. Lamelas, and Charles A. Wilkie；Fire Properities of Polystyrene-Clay Nanocomposites.；Department of Chemistry and physics, Marquette University, P.O. Box 1881，Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201, and Fire Science Division Building and Fire Research Laboratory, National Institute of Standrds and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899

(15) Naoki Hasegawa, Hirotaka Okamoto, Masaya Kawasumi, Arimitu Usuki；Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Polystyrene-Clay Hybrids；Toyota Central Research and Development Laboratories, Inc.,