台北捷運系統於台北車站與高鐵及台鐵共構處之雜散電流特性研究

Characteristics of Stray Current on the Joint Station of the Taipei Metro Rapid Transit System, High Speed Railways and Taiwan Railways

吳世傳(Shyh-Chuan Wu)

指導教授 ： 周至如

中原大學/工學院/電機工程研究所/碩士(2003年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200300270

摘要

中文摘要
目前捷運、高鐵與台鐵共站由北至南共有四處，分別為南港、台北、板橋與左營，只有台北車站己營運，其他正在興建中。台灣之捷運系統牽引動力電壓為直流750伏特，高鐵與台鐵之牽引動力電壓則為交流25千伏特，它們皆以鋼輪及鋼軌做為回路之一部份。由於鋼軌本身帶有電阻，因此整個沿線鋼軌會產生電壓降，此電壓降使得行車軌鋼軌與大地之間存有電位差，稱為軌道對地電壓；如此電壓經由鋼軌轉換至車體，使車殼與大地間將存有電位差，此電位差稱為接觸電壓；且由於鋼軌與大地之間並沒有完全絕緣，故將有部份列車牽引負回流經鋼軌洩漏至大地，此電流稱為雜散電流。軌道電位昇所產生之接觸電壓，依接地方式之不同，對人體之影響差異亦不同；雜散電流也因接地方式之不同，或多或少經由軌道沿線附近埋設之地下金屬管線、鋼筋結構體等回流至變電站，如此將對軌道設施、軌道沿線的金屬結構物如地下管線、儲槽、鋼構大樓、民宅鋼筋混凝土結構，甚至對於鐵軌本身或其他鐵路系統設備等形成電腐蝕的問題。
本研究主要依據台北車站內捷運淡水線、板南線、高鐵及台鐵實際地網圖，使捷運淡水線及板南線上、下行列車，同時在滿載加速時及短路故障情形下之雜散電流，及高鐵、台鐵之上、下行列車之短路故障電流，經由模擬軟體算出各系統之地表面電位、接觸電壓、步間電壓及地電位昇；然後參考IEEE的相關標準，評估接地故障是否會造成人員、設備之傷害，及評估直流雜散電流是否會對附近鋼軌及地下金屬結構物之產生電腐蝕；最後再提出雜散電流防制方法，以減輕其傷害。因此，本研究可提供捷運、高鐵及台鐵有利的資訊，以設計它們的共構站，減少雜散電流的傷害。

關鍵字

步間電壓 ； 軌道對地電壓 ； 接觸電壓 ； 雜散電流 ； 電腐蝕 ； 地電位昇 ； 地表面電位

並列摘要

英文摘要
Nowadays, there are four collocation and joint stations, from north to south, of mass rapid transit system (MRTS), high speed railway (HSR) and conventional railway system of Taiwan railway Administration (TRA), in Taiwan, Nan-Kang, Taipei, Pan-Chiao and Tos-Ying. Besides Taipei main station which is under operation, the others are still under construction. The traction power voltage is DC 750V for MRTS, and is AC 25kV for HSR and TRA. Ttheir traction power system use steel- wheel-rails as current return path.
Because of inherent resistance of rail, there exits a voltage along the railway, and a potential between railway and ground, called railway-to-ground-potential which will be transferred by the rail to car-body to form touch-voltage. Because the rails are not fully insulated from the ground, a portion of traction current will leak into ground via running rails, called stray current.
According to the different types of grounding. The touch voltage causing by the rise in rail potential would cause different degree of damage to human body. Similarly, According to the different types of grounding, the stray current will flow more or less via running railways into metallic pipelines, rebar in reinforced concrete main structure buried underground and to the traction power station finally. The stray current would cause problem of electrochemical corrosion and damage track facilities, metallic pipelines, tanks, rebar in reinforced concrete main structure buried underground and others railway system facilities.
Base on the practical grounding mesh design of red & blue lines of Taipei Rapid Transit System (TRTS), HSR and TRA in Taipei main station. This study will simulate the stray currents with respect to the cases of the trains on north-bond and south-bond of red & blue lines of TRTS are full load or the third-rails of TRTS are shortage, and the ground faults occurred on HSR and TRA systems. The simulations include ground surface potential, touch voltages, step voltages, and grounding potential rises (GPR), of each grounding system. Then, the damages on equipments and hazards on human due to ground faults are assessed based on IEEE standard, and the corrosion effects on metallic structures and rails due to DC stray currents of TRTS are also evaluated. Finally, the mitigation methods for reducing stray current damage are proposed.
Thus, the study provides useful information to TRTS, HSR and TRA to design their joint systems for reducing the stray current damages

並列關鍵字

Keyword：Railway-to-Ground-Potential ； Electrochemical Corrosion ； Ground Potential Rise ； Touch Voltage ； Ground Surface Potential ； Stray Current ； Step Voltage

參考文獻

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