夢的本質之基督教觀點

Toward a Christian View of the Nature of Dreams

魏連嶽(Lien-Yueh Wei)

指導教授 ： 曾慶豹

中原大學/人文與教育學院/宗教研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200400081

摘要

人超過三分之一的生命都在睡眠中渡過，而人在睡眠中唯一能夠覺知的活動即為夢。夢是人們所共有的經驗，也是人生命中最奇特、最神秘的一個部分。
啟蒙之前的人們，大多視夢為神聖的現象，並將許多關於夢的文獻與紀錄保存在神殿中。而現代人則多認為夢純粹是個人潛意識願望的滿足，或是人在睡眠中大腦自主活化時所製造出的影像。現代人顯然較不重視他們的夢。
無庸置疑地，現代人對夢的看法，是受到當代夢學界的夢的本質之觀點所影響。而當代對於夢的本質之觀點，實乃是由理性主義所醞釀出來之過度化約的夢學觀點。它不但將各種神秘完全排除在夢的世界之外，也將夢的各種特殊現象都賦予了普通意義。
我們對於當代這種化約的觀點感到不滿，因而也驅使我們嘗試從近代之前的人們對夢的看法中去尋找出路。也由於近代之前的基督教擁有著豐富的夢學遺產；因此本研究便欲從基督教的立場，來探尋出夢的本質之其他面向。
此外，我們認為許多夢的現象都與宗教有著密切關聯，所以本研究乃是採用以探尋宗教現象之本質為目標的「宗教現象學」作為研究方法。我們將透過對各種夢的現象之詳實描述，使得各種現象的本質能在描述中被顯露出來。
在經過探尋之後，我們確立出「普通的夢」之本質有：1、靈魂的活動。2、靈魂對意識的傳言。3、功能性。4、超越時間。5、真實。而「特殊的夢」之本質則為：1、神聖空間。2、上帝的傳言。3、在盼望中的信心。
現今正逢建基於弗洛伊德理論的當代夢學剛過百年之際，正是一個對夢學各樣議題再思、再釋的夢學新禧年。本研究乃是嘗試從基督教的角度，提出一種不同於當代之夢的詮釋，並進而揭示出夢對於二十一世紀的現代人究竟有何深邃的意義。

關鍵字

宗教現象學 ； 靈魂 ； 潛意識 ； 超越時間 ； 神秘 ； 神聖 ； 基督教 ； 盼望 ； 夢 ； 本質

並列摘要

People spend more than one third of their lifetime in sleeping. The only activity they can perceive in sleeping is dreaming. As a common experience to all human beings, dream exists as the unique and most mysterious part in human’s life.
Before the period of the Enlightenment, most people consider dream is the sacred phenomena and they preserved many records of them in temples. In modern times, most people view dream as the wish-fulfillment of unconscious, or as the subjective awareness of brain activation in sleep. Apparently, modern people do not care so much about their dreams.
Undoubtedly, modern oneirology’s views of the nature of dreams, the reductionism’s views brewed by rationalism, greatly influence the opinions of modern people about dream. Yet, those views not only exclude any mysteries from the world of dreams, but also offer common meanings to any particular phenomenon.
Because we disagree with the approaches of modern oneirology, we try to find the way out of them from the views prior to modern times. Moreover, since pre-modern Christianity has heritages full in abundance, this thesis will explore other dimensions of the nature of dreams based on the position of Christianity.
In addition, since we believe that many phenomena of dreams have relations with religion, this thesis employs the “Phenomenology of Religion” as the method of research in order to seek the nature of religious phenomena in dreams. The nature of dreams will be revealed by describing various phenomena of dreams.
We then establish the nature of “common dreams” as the activity of soul, the soul passing on messages to the mind, the functional characteristics, the transcending time and reality. We also establish the nature of “special dreams” as the sacred space, God passing on messages to the dreamer and the faith in hope.
Nowadays, it is the moment of modern oneirology, based on Freud’s theory, existing more than one hundred years, and it is the millennium of rethinking and reinterpreting all kinds of themes of oneirology. This thesis based on the stance of Christianity tries to propose a different interpretation from the modern oneirology, bringing up the profound meaning of dreams to the people of this century.

並列關鍵字

Christianity ； essence ； soul ； hope ； nature ； religious phenomenology ； transcendental time ； sacred ； mystery ； dream ； unconsciousness

參考文獻

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