熱處理對聚丙烯腈中空纖維膜滲透蒸發分離效能之影響

Effect of heat treatment on the pervaporation performances of PAN hollow fiber membrane

邱永勝(Yong-Sheng Ciou)

指導教授 ： 劉英麟

中原大學/工學院/化學工程研究所/碩士(2004年)

https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu200400207

摘要

本研究係利用紡製之Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)中空纖維膜(hollow fiber membrane)為前驅體(precursor)，以熱處理程序製備熱穩定化(stabilization)PAN中空纖維膜，並應用在滲透蒸發 (pervaporation) 分離操作程序。研究中針對不同熱處理條件所製備之熱穩定化PAN中空纖維膜進行具共沸組成之異丙醇(Isopropanol, IPA)水溶液之分離效能進行探討。研究結果發現，在熱處理溫度60~180℃之間，隨著熱處理溫度之增加透過量下降，透過水濃度增加。當溫度高於180℃時透過量又上升。以120℃熱處理12小時進行90wt%異丙醇水溶液之透過量與透過水濃度分別為186 g/m2h 與 99.2 wt﹪。由SEM觀察發現，經過熱處理後，中空纖維膜結構趨於緻密化且從FT-IR 圖譜分析發現，在熱處理溫度為210℃時， PAN中空纖維膜有除氫和環化反應發生。研究中亦探討進料溫度與進料濃度對異丙醇水溶液之滲透蒸發分離效能之影響。隨著進料溫度之上升透過量增加而透過水濃度下降；進料異丙醇濃度增加時，透過量下降而透過水濃度增加。研究中同時比較熱穩定化PAN中空纖維膜對乙醇水溶液、異丙醇水溶液以及四氟丙醇水溶液之滲透蒸發分離效能，其中以對四氟丙醇水溶液之滲透蒸發分離效能較佳。

關鍵字

延伸 ； 幾丁聚醣 ； 熱穩定化 ； 聚丙烯腈

並列摘要

In this study, Heat-treated polyacrylonitrile (PAN) hollow fiber membranes were prepared by heat-treating the PAN precursor hollow fiber membrane with different heat-treatment conditions. The influence of heat-treatment conditions on the pervaporation performances of aqueous isopropanol (IPA) solution through heat-treated PAN hollow fiber membranes were investigated. It shows that the permeation rate decreases and the water content in permeate increases with increasing heat-treatment temperature in the range of 60-180 OC. Nevertheless, the permeation rate increases again as the heat-treatment temperature increases. The permeation rate and water content in the permeate for a 90wt% aqueous isopropanol solution through the heat-treated PAN hollow fiber membranes at 120℃ for 12h were 186 g/m2h and 99.2 wt﹪, respectively. The SEMs observation depicts that the morphology of heat-treated PAN hollow fiber membranes were denser with increasing the heat-treatment temperature. As the heat treatment temperature higher than 210oC, dehydrogenation and cyclization reaction of the PAN molecular occurred during the heat-treatment process. Moreover, the inference of feed temperature and feed composition on the pervaporation performance through heat-treated PAN hollow fiber membranes were also investigated. It shows that an increase in the feed isopropanol concentration results in a decrease in the permeation rate and an increase in the separation factor. And the permeation rate increase and the separation factor decrease with increasing the feed solution temperature. The pervaporation performances for 90 wt% ethanol solution, isopropanol solution and tetrafluropropanol solution through heat-treated PAN hollow fiber membranes were also investigated. The tetrafluropropanol solution gave the best separation performance through heat-treated PAN hollow fiber membranes.

並列關鍵字

drawing ； chitosan ； polyacrylonitrile ； stabilized

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